爱华网七年级下册英语语法点总结
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?(语法点总结)
一．短语：
1 ．be from = come from来自于----
2． live in 居住在---
3． on weekends 在周末
4 ．write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信；写信给某人
5 ．in the world 在世界上 in China在中国
6．pen pal笔友 14 yearsold14岁 favorite subject 最喜欢的科目
7．the United States 美国 the United Kingdom 英国 New York 纽约
8．speak English 讲英语 like and dislike 爱憎
9．go to the movies 去看电影 play sports 做运动
二．重点句式：
1 Where’s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/
2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
4 I want a pen pal in China.
5 I can speak English and a little French.
6 Please write and tell me about yourself.
7 Can you write to me soon?
8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playingsports.
三．本单元的国家，人民、语言对应。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French
2 France------ French------French
3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese
4 Australia----Australian----- English
5 the United States------ American---- English
6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish
Unit 1 Where’s your pen palfrom?(短语句型汇总)
一、词组
be from= come form 来自...
pen pal=pen friend 笔友
like and dislike 好恶；爱憎
live in….在...居住
speak English 讲英语
play sports 做体育运动
a little French 一些法语
go to the movies 去看电影
an action movie 一部动作片
on weekends 在周末
Excuse me 对不起，打扰
get to 到达、抵达
beginning of 在...开始的时候
at the end of 在...结束的时候
arrive at /
二、句型
（１）、Where主 +be+主语＋from?
主语＋be +from+地点.
（２）、Ｗhere do/does+主语＋live?
主语＋live/lives in…
（３）、Ｗhat language do/does +主语+speak?
主语＋speak/speaks….
（４）、主语＋like/likes +doing…
三、日常交际用语
１－Ｗhere is your pen pal from?
－He’s from China.
２－Ｗhere does she live?
-－She lives in Tokyo.
3－Does she speak English?
－Yes, she does/ No, she dosen’t.
4－Is that your new pen pal?
－Yes, he is / No, e isn’t.
5－What language does she speak?
－She speaks English.
Unit 2 Where’s the post office? (语法点总结)
一．Asking ways: (问路)
1．Where is (the nearest)……？（最近的）……在哪里？
2．Can you tell me the way to……？你能告诉我去……的路吗？
3．How can I get to……？我怎样到达……呢？
4．Is there …… near here / in theneighborhood?附近有……吗？
5．Which is the way to……？哪条是去……的路？
二．Showing the ways: （指路）
1. Go straight down / along thisstreet.沿着这条街一直走。
2. Turn left at the secondturning.在第二个路口向左转。
3. You will find it on yourright.你会在你右手边发现它。
4. It is about one hundred metres fromhere.离这里大约一百米远。
5. You’d better take a bus.你最好坐公交车去。（You’dbetter+动词原形）
三．词组
1. across from……在……的对面across from thebank在银行的对面
2. next to……紧靠……next to thesupermarket紧靠超市
3. between……and……在……和……之间
between the park and the zoo在公园和动物园之间
among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间
4. in front of……在……前面Thereis a tree in front of the classroom.
课室前面有棵树。
in the frontof……在……（内）的前部There is a desk inthe front of the classroom.
课室内的前部有张桌子。
5. behind……在……后面behind myhouse在我家后面
6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐
on the left/rightof……在某物的左/右边on the left of ourschool 在我们学校的左边
on one’sleft/right在某人的左/右边on myleft在我左边
7. go straight一直走
8. down/along……沿着……（街道）down/alongCenter Street 沿着中央街
9. in the neighborhood=near here在附近
10 welcome to……欢迎来到……
11. take /have a walk散步
12. the beginning of…………的开始,前端
at the beginning of……在……的开始,前端
in the beginning起初，一开始
13. have fun=have a good time=enjoyoneself玩得开心，过得愉快
我昨天玩得很开心。I had fun yesterday.
I had a good time yesterday.
I enjoyed myself yesterday.
14. have a good trip旅途愉快
15. take a taxi坐出租车
16. 到达：get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家
arrive in +大地方I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17．go across从物体表面横过go acrossthe street横过马路
go through从空间穿过go throughthe forest穿过树林
18．on + 街道的名称。Eg: on Center Street
at + 具体门牌号+街道的名称Eg: at 6 Center Street
三．重难点解析
1．enjoy doing sth享受做某事的乐趣，喜爱做某事
I enjoy reading.我喜爱读书。
到目前为止，我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy，都是要带 doing.
I finish cleaning the room.我扫完了这间屋子。
2．hope to do sth 希望做某事I hope to pass thisexam.我希望通过这次考试。
hope +从句I hope tomorrow will be fine.我希望明天将会晴朗。
（从句即是一个小句子，这个小句子又放在大句子中，从属于大句子，所以叫从句。如tomorrow will befine是一个从句，它又放在I hope 的后面，形成句中有句。）
3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱，我就会去月球。
If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.
如果你饿了的话，你可以在超市买一些食物。
四．本单元的反义词、近义词配对
1new—old2 quiet--- busy3dirty--- clean4 big---- small
Unit 2 Where’s the post office(短语句型汇总)
一、词组
post office 邮局
pay phone 投币式公用电话
next to 在...隔壁
across from 在...对面
in front of 在...前面
between…and… 在...和...之间
on a street 在街上
in the neighborhood 在附近
on the right/left 在右边／在左边
on one’s right/left 在某人的右边／左边
turn right/left 向右／左转
take a walk 散步
have fun 玩得开心
the way to …去...的路
take a taxi 打的／乘出租车
go down(along)…沿着...走
go through...穿过...
have a good trip 旅途愉快
二、句型
(1)、Is there a bank near here?
Yes, there is .It’s on Centre Street.
No, there isn’t.
(2)、Where’s the supermarket?
It’s nextto the library.
(3)、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.
(4)、I hope you have a good trip.
(5)、If you are hungry, you can buy food in the restaurant.
(6)、Talk a walk though the park..
(7)、enjoy后接名词或动词-ing 形式.
Do you enoy(=like) your work?
Do youenjoy(=like) living in the city?
三、日常交际用语
(1)、Is there a ….?句型Eg:
-Excuse me. Is there a hotel in theneighborhood.
-Yes, there is. No，there isn’t
(2)、Where is …?句型
Eg: -Where is the park,，please?
-It’s behind the bank.(肯定回答)
-I’m sorry I don’t know. (否定回答)
(3)、Which is the way to +地点? 句型.例如：
- Which is the way to the library.
(4)、How can I get to +地点?句型.例如：
-How can I get to the restaurant?
(5)、Can you tell me the way to +地点？句型.例
- Can you tell me the way to the post office?
(6)、Let me tell you the way to my house.
(7)、Just go straight and turn left.
Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears?(语法点总结)
一．重点词组
eat grasseat leavesbequietvery shy very smart very cute
play with her friendskind of South Africaother animals
at night in the dayevery day during theday
二. 交际用语
1.Why do you likepandas?Because they’re very clever.
2.Why does he likekoalas?Because they’re kind of interesting.
3.Where are lions from?Theyare from South Africa.
4.What other animals do you like?
I like dogs, too.
Why?
Because they’re friendly and clever.
5.Molly likes to play with her friends and eatgrass.
6.She’s very shy.
7.He is from Australia.
8．He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eatsleaves.
9．He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.
10．Let’s see the pandas first.
11．They’re kind of interesting.
12．What other animals do you like?
13．Why do you want to see the lions?
三. 重点难点释义
1、kind of有点，稍微
Koala bears are kind of shy.考拉有点害羞。
kind 还有“种类”的意思
如：各种各样的 all kinds of
We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
2、Chinan.中国African. 非洲
China 和Africa都是专有名词，首字母都应该大写，而且和介词in连用。
There are many kinds of tigers in China.
There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendlyadj. 友好的，和蔼可亲的
它是名词friend的形容词形式，常常和be动词连用, be friendly。
The people in Chengdu are very friendly.
4、withprep. 跟，同，和…在一起
I usually play chess with my father.
注意区别与and的用法，and通常用于连接主语或宾语，连接主语时，
如果有I, I通常放在 and 之后，如：
My father and I usually play chess together.
Play with “和…一起玩耍”“玩…”
I often play with my pet dog.
Don’t play with water!
5、day和night 是一对反义词，day 表示白天或一天，night表示夜或夜晚。
通常说in the day, during the day, at night。
Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves atnight.
6、leafn. 叶子
复数形式为：leaves, 类似的变化还有：wife—wives, wolf—wolves,
knife—knives等。
7、hourn. 小时；点钟
hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”， 即：an hour。
There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
8、be from 来自…
be from = come from
Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.
9、meatn. （食用的）肉，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修
饰，即：much meat
He eats much meat every day.
10、grassn. 草，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修饰，即：muchgrass。
There is much grass on the playground.
四. 语法知识
特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“how old”、“howmany”等开头，对某一具体问题进行提问。
特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况：
1. 疑问句+一般疑问句结构。这是最常见的情况。例如：
What’s your grandfather’s telephone number? 你爷爷的电话号码是多少？
Who is that boy with big eyes? 那个大眼睛的男孩是谁？
Which season do you like best? 你最喜欢哪个季节？
When is he going to play the piano? 他什么时候弹钢琴？
Where does he live? 他住在哪儿？
How are you? 你好吗？
How old are you? 你多大了？
How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有几个兄弟姐妹？
2. 疑问句+陈述句结构。这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语。例如：
Who is on duty today?
今天谁值日？
Which man is your teacher?
哪位男士是你的老师？
我们学过的What/How about+名词/代词+其他？也是特殊疑问句，它是一种省略结构。
例如：
I like English. What/How about you? 我喜欢英语。你呢？
What about playing basketball? 打篮球怎么样？
Unit 3 Why do you like koalas? (短语句型汇总)
一、词组
want to do sth .想要做某事
want sb to do sth 想要某做某事
want sth 想要某物
Let sb do sth 让某人做某事
kind of 有几分种类
a kind of 一种…
…years old …年龄 如：ten years old 十岁
like to do sth 喜欢做某事
like doing sth
play with … 与...一起玩
be quiet 安静
during the day 在白天
at night 在夜间
have a look at.. 看...
one…the other 一个...另一个...
二、句型
(1)、-why do you like pandas?
你为什么喜欢熊猫？
-Because they’re very cure.
因为它们很可爱。
(2)、-Why dose he like koalas?
他为什么喜欢树袋熊？
-Because they are kind of interesting.
因为她们有点有趣。
(3)、-Where are lions from?
狮子来自何处？
-They are from South Africa.
她们来自南非。
(4)、-What animals do you like?
你喜欢什么动物？
-I like elephants.
我喜欢大象。
三、日常交际用语
(1)、-Let’s see the lions.
咱们看狮子吧。
(2)-Why do you want to see the lions?
你为什么想看狮子？
-Because they are very cute.
因为它们很可爱。
(3)-Do you like giraffes?
你喜欢长颈鹿吗？
Yes, Ido./ No, I don’t
是的，我喜欢。/ 不，我不喜欢。
(4)-What other animal do you like?
你还喜欢其他什么动物？
_I like dogs. Too 我也喜欢狗。
other+ 名词的复数.表示没有特定的数量范围
the other+名词的复数表示有特定的数量范围.
(5)-Why are you looking at me?
你为什么看着我？
-Because you are very cute.
因你很可爱。
(6)-Let us play games. –Great!
咱们玩游戏吧。 --太棒了。
Let me see.
让我看看。
Unit 4I want to be an actor.(语法点总结)
一．短语：
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物 / 把某物给某人
3 help sb do sth 帮助某人作某事Eg: I want to help mymother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 帮助某人谋事Eg: I want to help mymother with some housework at home
5 in the day 在白天
6 at night 在晚上
7 talk with/ to sb 和----谈话
8 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to theteacher.
9 in a hospital 在医院l
10 work/ study hard 努力工作
11 Evening Newspaper 晚报
二．重点句式及注意事项：
1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what；有三种主要句式
① What + is / are + sb?
② What + does/ do + sb + do?
③ What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词 + job?
2 People give me their money or get their money from me.
3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.
4 I like talking to people.
5 I work late. I’m very busy when people go out to dinners.
6 Where does your sister work?
7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.
8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for usas a reporter.
9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?
10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.
三． 本单元中的名词复数。
1 policeman--- policemen2 woman doctor-----women doctors3 thief-----thieves
Unit 4 I want to be an actor. (短语句型汇总)
一、词组
want to be+职业 想要成为。。。
shop assistant 店员
bank clerk 银行职员
work with 与。。。一起工作
work hard 努力工作
work for 为。。。而工作
work as 作为。。而工作
get.. from…从。。。获得。。。
give sth.to.sb /give.sb.sth 把某物给某人
正确的表示：give it/them to sb.
错误的表示：give sb.it/them
in the day 在白天
at night 在夜间
talk to /with 与…讲话
go out to dinners 外出吃饭
in a hospital 在医院
newspaper reporter 报社记者
movie actor 电影演员
二、句型
(1)-What do/does+某人+do?
某人是做什么的？
例：-What do you do?-I’m a student.
你是做什么的？ -- 我是一个学生。
-What dose he do? He’s a teacher.
他是干什么的？ -- 他是一个学生。
(2)-What do/does+某人+want to be?
某人想当什么？
例：What do you want to be?-I want to be a teacher.
你想当什么？ -- 我相当老师。
-What does she want to be ?She want to be a nurse.
她相当什么？-- 她相当护士。
(3)-Where does your sister work?
你姐姐在什么地方工作？
-She works in a hospital.
她在医院工作。
(4)-Does he work in the hospital?
他在医院工作吗？
Yes.he does。 / No, hedoesn’t
是的，他在。/ 不，他不在。
(5)-Does she work late?
-Yes,she does/No.she doesn’t
(6)－英语中询问职业的几种表达方式：
What do/does …do?
What is…? What is your father?
What’s one’s job?例：What’s your father’s job?
Unit 5 I’m watching TV (语法点总结)
一．现在进行时
Ⅰ现在进行时的用法
表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作
Ⅱ现在进行时时间状语及标志性词
①now现在
②at this time在这时
③at the moment 现在
④look看（后面有明显的“！”）
⑤listen 听（后面有明显的“！”）
Ⅲ 现在分词的构成
①一般在动词结尾处加ingEg:go—goinglook--looking
② 以不发音字母e结尾的动词，去e加ing。Eg:write—writingclose--closing
③ 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这个字母，再加ing.
Eg: get—gettingrun—running(swim, run, put,get,sit,begin)
Ⅳ 现在进行时的构成
肯定句: 主语+ am/is/are+ doing +其他+时状.Eg: He isdoing his homework now.
否定句：主语+am/is/are +not+ doing+其他+时状. Eg: He is not doing hishomework now.
一般疑问句： Am/Is/Are +主语+ doing+其他+时状？Eg: Is he doing his homeworknow?
肯定回答：Yes,主语 +am/is/areEg Yes, he is.
否定回答：No, 主语+am not/isn’t/aren’tEg: No, heisn’t.
二．短语：
1．do one’s homework做某人的作业
do housework做家务
2．talk on the phone在电话里交谈，讲电话
talk about…… 谈论……
talk to(with)sb和某人交谈
3．write a letter写信
write a letter to sb给某人写信
4．play with……和……一起玩
5．watch TV 看电视
TV show电视节目
6．wait for sb/sth等待某人/某物
7．some of…………中的一些
8．in the firstphoto在第一张照片里（介词用in,序数词前面有the）
in the last photo在最后一张照片里
a photo of one’s family 某人的家庭照片
9．at the mall在购物街
at/in the library在图书室
at/in the pool在游泳池
10．read a book = read books = do some reading看书＼阅读
11．thanks for = thank you for 为某事而感谢（后接动词要用v－ing）
三． 重点句式及注意事项：
1．他正在干什么？What is hedoing?
他正在吃饭。He is eating dinner.
他正在哪里吃饭？Where is he eating dinner?
他正在家里吃饭。He is eating dinner at home.
2．你想什么时候去？When do you wantto go?
让我们六点钟去吧。Let’s go at six o’clock.
3．他正在等什么？What is he waitingfor?
他正在等公交车。He is waiting for a bus.
4．他们正在和谁说话？Who are theytalking with?
他们正在和Miss Wu说话。 They are talking with Miss Wu.
5．你们正在谈论什么？What are youtalking about?
我们正在谈论天气。We are talking about the weather.
6．他们都正在去上学。They are allgoing to school.
7． 这儿是一些我的照片。Here are some of my photos.
这儿是一些肉。Here is some of meat. (some ofmeat不可数，故用is)
8． 谢谢你帮我买这本书。 Thank you for helping me buy this book.
9． family 家；家庭。强调“整体”，是单数；强调“成员”时，是复数。
His family has a shower. 他们家有一个淋浴。
His family are watching TV. 他全家在看电视。
Unit 5 I’m watching TV. (短语句型汇总)
一、词组
do homework 做家庭作业
watch TV 看电视
eat dinner 吃饭；就餐
clean the room 打扫房间
read newspaper/a book 看报纸／看书
go to the movies 看电影
write a letter 写信
wait for 等待；等候
talk about 谈论。。。。
play basketball/soccer/ 打篮球／踢足球
take photos 拍照
TV show 电视节目
Some of。。。 。。。中的一些
a photo of my family 我的家庭照
at school 在学校
be with 和。。。一起
in the tree 在树上
二、句型
(1)-What+be+主语+doing? ….正在做什么？
-主语＋be+doing。。。 …正在做某事。
例： －what are you doing?
你在干什么？
-I’m doing my homework.
我在做作业。
(2)-Thanks for … 为。。。而感谢
例：Thanks for your letter. 感谢你的来信。
(3)-Here are/is… 这是……。
例：Here are some of my photos.
这是我的一些照片。
Here is a photo of myfamily.
这是我的一张全家福照片。
(4)-That sounds good. 那听起来不错。
(5)-This TV show is boring. 这电视剧很无聊。
三、日常交际用语
(1)-Do you want to go to the movies? –Sure.
你想去看电影吗？-- 当然。
(2)-When do you want to go? –Let’s go at seven.
你什么时候想去？ -- 咱们七点去吧。
(3)-Where do people play basketball? –At school.
人们在哪儿打篮球？ -- 在学校。
(4)-What’s he waiting for?-He’s waiting for a bus.
他在等什么？ --他在等公共汽车。
(5)-What’s he reading? He’s reading a newspaper.
他在看什么？ -- 他在看报纸。
1)现在在进行时的形式是：
助动词be(am,is,are)+动词-ing形式（也叫现在分词），表示现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。
2)现在进行时的肯定句形式
主语+be(am,is,are)+动词现在分词+其他
I’m watching TV. 我在看电视。
3)现在进行时的否定句形式
主语+be(am,is,are)+not+动词现在分词+其他
They are not playing soccer. 他们没有在踢足球。
4)现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答:
Is(am,are)+主语+动词现在分词+其他?
Yes,主语+is/am/are. No,主语+isn’t/aren’t/amnot.
Are you reading? Yes,I am. No,I am not.
你在看书吗？ 是的，我在看书。/ 不，我没有。
5) 现在进行时的特殊疑问句形式:
特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他?
例:What is your brother doing? 你哥哥在干什么？
6) 动词+ing形式(现在分词)的构成.
1一般情况下在动词词结尾加-ing.
如: eat--eating, do—doing,clean—cleaning,
play—playing,
2以不发音的元音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e再加-ing.
如:take--taking,write—writing,have-having
come—coming.dance--dancing
3词尾如果是以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词.应该先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing.
如:run—runing,sit—sitting ,swim—swimming.
Shop—shopping.put—putting,sit—sitting
Unit 6 It’s raining! (语法点总结)
一．短语：
1 take photos/ pictures 照像
2 take photos/ pictures of sb/ sth 给某人或某物照相
3 have a good time＼have funhave a greattame玩得愉快
4 work for sb / sth 为某人工作
Eg: Yuan Yuan works for CCTV’s Around The World show
5 on vacation 度假
Eg: There are many people here on vacation.
6 some----others--- 一些．．．．．另外一些．．．．． one……theothers…….一个．．．．另一个．．．．（两者之间）
Eg: There are many students in the classroom. Some are writing,others are reading.
7 put on 穿上（动作） wear穿着（状态）
Eg: Tom is putting on his coat now.
8 on the beach 在沙滩上
Eg: Tom and his family are playing on the beach at thismoment.
9this group of people 这一群人
10. in this heat
二．重点句型
1．How is the weather? 天气怎么样？ In the raining. 在下雨。
2．What are you doing? 你正在做什么？ I'm watching TV. 我在看电视。
3．What are they doing? 他们在做什么？ They are studying. 他们在学习。
4．What is he doing? 他在做什么？ He is playing basketball . 他在打篮球。
5．What is she doing ? 她在做什么？ She is cooking . 她在做饭。
三．重难点解析
1 询问天气情况的句式：(横线内容可替换)
① How is the weather in Beijing? (How is the weather today?)
② What’s the weather like in Beijing? ( What’s the weather liketoday?)
2 回答上面问题的句式：
①It’s + adj. (形容词)Eg: It’s windy.
3 How’s it going (with you)?
① Not bad.
② Great!
③ Terrible!
④ Pretty good.
4 Thank you for joining CCTV’s Around The Word show.
5 I am surprised they can play in this heat.
6 Everyone is having a good time.
7 People are wearing hats and scarfs.
① wear 指穿衣服的状态。
② put on指穿衣服的动作。
四．谈论天气的日常用语
1. It’s sunny/rainy/cloudy. 今天是晴天/雨天/阴天。
2. Lovely weather,isn’t it? 天气真好，是吗？
3. It looks like rain. 看起来要下雨。
4. It’s raining cats and dogs. 正是瓢泼大雨。
5. It seems to be cleaning up. 天似乎要转晴。
6. It’s blowing hard. 风刮得很大。
7. It’s snowing heavily. 正在下大雪。
8. The snow won’t last long. 雪不会持续太久。
9. It’s very foggy. 雾很大。
10. The fog is beginning to lift. 正在收雾。
11. It’s thundering and lightening. 雷电交加。
12. What’s the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样？
13. What’s the weather report for tomorrow? 天气预报明天怎么样？
14. It’s quite different from the weather report.这和天气预报相差很大。
15. It’s rather changeable. 天气变化无常。
16. What’s the temperature? 温度是多少？
17. It’s two below zero. 零下二度。
18. The temperature has dropped a lot today. 今天温度低多了。
Unit 6 It’s raning!(短语句型汇总)
一、词组
Around The World 世界各地
On vacation 度假
Take photos 拍照
On the beach 在海边
a group of people 一群人
play beach volleyball 打沙滩排球
be surprised 惊讶的
be surprised at sth./sb.对某人或某人感到惊讶
in this heat 在酷暑中
be relaxed 放松
have a good time 玩得很痛快
in different kind of weather 在不同的天气里
Thank sb for(doing)sth由于（做）某事而感谢某人
How’s it going? 近况如何
Some…others…一些…另一些…
Look like..看起来像。。。
二、句型／日常交际用语
(1)-How’s the weather(+地点)? –It’s raining。
某处的天气怎么样？ -- 在下雨。
(2)-What’s the weather like?—It’s sunny./It’s cold andsnowing.
天气怎样？ -- 天晴。/ 冷，在下雪。
(3)-How’s it going? –Great./Not bad.
一切怎样？ -- 很好。/ 不错。
(4)Thanks you for joining CCTV’s Around The World show。
感谢你参加中央电视台的环球节目。
(5)-Is Aunt Wang there? –Yes,she is/No,she isn’t
黄阿姨在那儿吗？-- 是的。/ 不，她不在。
Unit7 What does he look like? (语法点总结)
一．短语
1 look like 看起来像....
2 curly /short/straight/long hair 卷／短／直发
3 medium height/build 中等高度／身体
4 a little bit一点儿…
5 a pop singer 一位流行歌手
6 have a new look 呈现新面貌
7 go shopping (do some shopping) 去购物
8 the captain of the basketball team 篮球队队长
9 be popular with sb 为---所喜爱
10 stop to do sth 停下来去做某事
11 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情
12 tell jokes/ stories 讲笑话/ 讲故事
13 have fun doing sth 愉快地做某事
14 remember ( forget) to do sth 记得（忘记）做某事（没有做的）
15 remember (forget) doing sth 记得（忘记）做过某事（已做）
16 one of --- ---中的一个
二．本单元的重点句：
1 Is that your friend? No, it isn’t.
2 What does she look like?
3 I think I know her. ( I don’t think I know her.)
4 Wang Lin is the captain of the basketball team.
5 She’s a little bit quiet.
6 Xu Qian loves to tell jokes.
7 She never stops talking.
8 She likes reading and playing chess.
9 I don’t think he’s so great.
10 I can go shopping and nobody knows me.
11 Now he has a new look.
三．重难点解析
1 What does/ do +主语 + look like? 询问某人的外貌特征，看上去什么样？
Eg: What does your friend look like?
2 形容头发时， 可按照先长短，后曲直，最后说颜色的顺序说。
Eg: She has long curly black hair.
3 one of + 名词复数，谓语动词要用“单三”形式。
Eg: One of his friends is a worker.
4 不定代词做主语时，谓语动词要用“单三”形式。修饰不定代词词，应该放在它的后面．
Eg: I can go shopping and nobody knows me.
5．He is …(通常为形容词，包括身高、体形等)
He has…（通常为形容词修饰的名词，包括头发、五官）
He wears…（穿、戴、留。可以是衣服、帽子、鞋子等，也可以是眼镜、手表、胡须）
6．I don’t think…的用法表达否定的看法 I don’t think she isgood-looking.
Unit 7 What dose he look like? (短语句型汇总)
一、词组
look like 看起来像....
curly /short/straight/long hair 卷／短／直发
medium height/build 中等高度／身体
a little bit 一点儿…
a pop singer 一位流行歌手
play的用法。
wear glasses 戴眼镜
have a new look 呈现新面貌
go shopping 去购物
the captain of the basketball team 篮球队队长
Nobody knows me 没有人认识我
二、句型
１) --What does he look like?
他长得怎样？
--He’s really short. He has short hair.
他矮矮的，短头发。
２) --She has beautiful, long black hair.
她有漂亮的黑色长发。
３) --I don’t think he’s so great .
我认为他没有那么好。
４) --What do you look like? I’m tall. I’mthin.
你长得什么样子？-- 我高高瘦瘦的。
５) --What do they look like?-
他们长得什么样子？
--They are of medium height.
他们中等高度。
6) --She never stops talking.
她总是讲过不停。
--Stopdoing(sth)表示停止正在干的事.
如:He stops listening. 他停止了听。
--stop to do (sth)表示停下来去做某事
如:He stops to listen. 他停下来听。
7)I can go shopping and nobody knows me.
我可以去购物，没有人认识我。
Unit 8 I＇d like some noodles(语法点总结)
一．短语
1． beef and tomato noodles＼noodles withbeefand tomato 牛肉西红柿面
chicken and cabbage noodles mutton and potato noodles
tomato and egg noodles beef and carrot noodles
2．would like to do sth want to do sth 想要作某事
3．what kind of noodles什么种类的面条
4．what size bowl of noodles什么大小碗型的面
5．a large＼mediumsmall bowl of noodles 大＼中＼小碗的面
6．ice cream 冰淇淋 orange juice桔汁 green tea绿茶 RMB人民币phonenumber
7． House of Dumplings＼noodles饺子＼面馆 Dessert House甜点屋
二．重点句型
1． What kind ofvegetablesmeatdrinkfood wouldyou like?
I’d like ……
I’d like chicken andcabbagenoodles.
2. What kind of noodles would you like?
I’d like beef noodles.
3. What kind of noodles would you like?
I’d like chicken andcabbagenoodles.
4.What size bowl plate of noodles would youlike?
I’d like a large mediumsmallbowl moodes.
5.What sizecakewouldyoulike?
I would like asmallbirthday-cake.
三．重难点解析
1． would like 想要（表示一种委婉的语气）其用法相当于want.
would like + 名词 would like an apple (want an apple)
would like to do sth
He would like to play soccer.
----Would you like to see the dolphins?
----Yes, I’d like to.
（1）would 是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，可与人称代词缩写为’d,与其它情态动词一样可帮助完成疑问句和否定句。（你能举出例子吗？）
我想要些牛肉。 I’d like some beef.
她想去打乒乓球。She would like to play ping-pang. （你能变否定句和疑问句吗？）
（2) Would you like sth.? 是提建议的一种句型，如需用一些，用some而不用any.
肯定回答是： Yes, please./ All right./ Yes./OK.
其否定回答是：No, thanks.
2． What kind of noodles would you like?
kind 在此句中作“种类”讲，a kind of 一种，all kinds of 各种各样的。kind of 有几分
A cat is a kind of animal.
There are all kinds of animals in the zoo
The cat is kind of smart.
3． Can I help you?你要买什么
肯定 Yes, please . I wouldlike……否定 No, thanks.
Unit 8 I’d like some noodles. (短语句型汇总)
1.词组
would like 想要
a large/medium/small bowl 大碗/中碗/小碗
what size 什么尺寸
orange juice 桔汁
green tea 绿茶
phone number 电话号码
as well as 而且
what kind of 表示….的种类
a kind of 一种…
some kind of 许多种…
a bowl of rice 一碗米饭
a bottle fo orange juice 一瓶桔子汁
three oranges 三个桔子(可数)
a bottle fo orange j 一瓶桔子汁(不可数)
some chicken 一些鸡肉(不可数)
three chicken 三只小鸡(可数)
二句型
1)What kind of … would you like?你想要…?
EG:--What kind of noodles would you like?
你想要那种面条？
--Beef and tomato noodles.please.
牛肉番茄面。
2)We have large ,medium, and small bowls.
我们有大、中、小三种碗的（面条）。
3)I like dumplings, I don’t like noodles.
我喜欢饺子，不喜欢面条。
三日常交际用语
(1)—Can I help you?
你要吃什么？ / 你要买啥？
--I’d like some noodles. please.
我要写面条。
(2)--what kind of noodles would you like?
你要哪种面条？
--I’d like mutton and potato noodles,please.
我要牛肉土豆面。
( 3)—Would you like a cup of green tea?
你要一杯绿茶吗？
--Yes, please./No, thanks
要的，请拿来。/ 不了，谢谢。
would like后面还可以跟不定式.即:
A:would like to do.sth.想要做某事.
He would like to see you today.
他想今天看你。
B:would like sb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事
What would you like me to do.
你想要我干什么？
Unit 9 How was your weekend (语法点总结)
一．短语
1. play +运动play soccerplaytennisplay sports
playthe + 乐器 play theguitar
play with…和某人＼物玩耍
2．have +三餐 have breakfast lunch supper
3. study for…clean theroomvisit sbstay at home
have a party talk show
4．go to the beachgo to themoviesgo for a walkgo to themountains
5．go shoppingdo some shopping go to theshop买东西
6．last weekend＼over the weekend上周末 onweekends每周末
7．on +某日＋morningafternooneveningin +morningafternoonevening
in+年＼月＼季节 at +时刻 last(next)month＼yearweek
8．what about＋nv-ingpren=how about ……呢
9.spend the weekend lastweek度过上周的周末
10．it’s time to do sth＝it’s time forsth该做么的时候了
11．look for 寻找．．．．．
二，重点句型和语法
1．一般过去时
表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,通常与
过去的时间状语连用:
yesterday ,last week(month,year)
（1）系动词be的过去时: am(is) →was, are →were
陈述句：He was at home yesterday.
否定句：He wasn’t at home yesterday.
疑问句：Was he at home yesterday?
Yes ,he was./No ,he wasn’t.
（2）行为动词的一般过去时:
陈述句：主语+动词过去式+其它
I go to the movie. →I went to the movie.
否定句：主语+助动词didn’t+动词原形+其它
I don’t go to school today. →I didn’t go to school.
一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其它
Do you have breakfast? →Did you have breakfast?
Yes,I do./No,I don’t.Yes,I did./No,Ididn’t.
（3）规则动词的过去式变化规则
变化规则例词
一般在词尾加—ed.play→played
以不发音的e结尾的，只加--d.like →liked
love →loved
以辅音字母+y 结尾的，变y为i ,再加—ed.study →studied
carry →carried
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-edstop→stopped
plan →planned
动词不规则变化：
do →didhave →hadgo→went
see →sawread →readget→got
give →gavesleep →slepteat→ate
write →wrotefind_---found
2.what’s the date today? It’s …
3.What was the date yesterday? It was…
4.What’s the weather liketoday?It’s …?
5.How was your weekend?
6．What did she do ? She did her homework
7．What did he do last weekend ? He played soccer．
8．It’s time to go home= It’s time for home
Unit 9 How was yu weekend? (短语句型汇总)
一、词组
do one’s homework 做某人的家庭作业
如：do my homework 做我的家庭作业
play +运动或棋类
如：play soccer 踢足球 play chess 下棋
play +乐器 如：play the guitar 弹吉他
go to the movies 去看电影
do some reading 阅读
study for the (math) test 准备（数学）考试
stay at home 呆家里
go to summer camp 去夏令营
go to the mountains 去爬山
visit sb 拜访某人
go shopping 去购物
last month 上个月
three days ago 三天前
yesterday 昨天
look for 寻找
go for a walk 散步
in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上／在下午／在晚上
play computer games 玩电脑游戏
It was time to sth 该。。。的时候了
二、句型
（１）I visited my aunt last weekend.
我上个周末看望了我阿姨。
(2)-- How was your weekend?
你周末过的怎样？
--It was great./OK
很好啊。
(3)—It was time to go home.
该回家了。
三、日常交际用语
(1)—What did you do last weekend?
你上个周末做了什么？
--On Saturday morning, Iplayed tennis.
周六早上我打了网球。
(2)—How was your weekend?
你的周末过得怎样？
--It was great. I went to the beach.
很棒。我去了海滩。
一般过去时态
一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,动词通常用一般过去式来表示,除动词be的过去式was/were有人称变化,其他都没人称的变化.
过去式的构成
(1) 一般情况下在动词词尾加-ed.如:
stay—stayed help—helpedvisit-visited
(2) 词尾是e的动词加-d.
如:like—liked live—lived
(3) 以一个元音字母加一个辅音结尾的重读闭章节应双写该辅音字母,再加-ed.如:
stop—stopped plan—planned
(4) 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,要将y改为i再加-ed.如:study—studied worry—worried
(5) 不规则动词的过去
am/is—was are—were have-had
go—went find—found do—did see-saw
Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation?(语法点总结)
一．短语
1.go on vacation go to summer camp stay at home
study for exams Central Park show sth to sb
.help him find his father walk back to… go shopping
the Palace Museum think of have fun doing sth
.bus trip the Great Wall Tian’an Men Square
.a Beijing Hutong make sb do sth
.decide to do sth all day
二．重点句子和注意事项
1．Where did you go on vacation?I went tosummer camp.
Where did they go on vacation?They went to NewYork City.
Where did he go on vacation?He stayed athome.
Where did she go on vacation?She visited heruncle.
2．Did you/he/she/they go to Central Park?
Yes, I/he/she/they did.
No, I/he/she/they didn’t.
3．How werethe movies? Theywere fantastic
4．have fun doing something 干某事有乐趣
＝ enjoy oneself doing something
We have fun learning and speaking English .
We enjoy ourselves learning and speaking English .
我们学英语有很多乐趣 ．
5．find sb. doing sth. 发现某人在干某事 find sb. dosth. 发现某人干过某事
I find him reading the novel (小说）.
I found him go into the room .
6．corner 角落，角，拐角处
in the corner 在角落里（指在建筑物里面）
at the corner 在拐角处（指在建筑物外面或道路的拐角）
My bike is at the corner .
7．be lost 迷路了＝get lost , lost (adj.)
The girl was lost in the big city .
8．help sb. (to) do sth.＝help sb forsth帮助某人干某事
He always helps us learn English
9.make sb. do sth.让／使某人干某事let / have sb. dosth.do前不带to
The movie makes me relaxing.
Let the boy do his homework alone.
10.feel+ adj. 感到．．．
I feel hungry / tired /happy / excited
11.decide to do sth. 决定干某事
They decided to go to Hainan on vacation.
Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation?(短语句型汇总)
一、词组
ptetty good 相当好；不错
in the conner 在角落
kind of boring 有点无聊
be lost 迷路
feel happy 感到高兴
be fun 很有趣
on vacation 在度假
Central Park 中央公园
the Great Wall 长城
the Palace Museum 故宫
Tian’an Men Square 天安门广场
二、句型
(1)—Where did you go on vacation?
你去哪儿度假的？
--I went to the breach.
我去了海滩。
(2)—How was the weather?
天气怎样？
--It was hot and humid.
很热，也潮湿。
(3)--It was kind of boring
有点无聊。
(4)—That made me feel very happy.
那让我感到十分高兴。
(5)--We had great fun playing in the water.
我们在水里玩得很开心。
--have great fun doingsth表示“愉快地做某事”，“做某事很有趣”
(6)I helped him find his father. That made me feel veryhappy.
我帮她找到了她的父亲。这事让我感到很开心。
help sb.(to)do.sth.帮助某人做某事（to可省）
make sb.do.sth. 使某人做某事
let sb.do.sth.
Let me help you carry(搬动) it.
让我帮你搬它把。
(7)I found a small boy crying in the corner.
我发现一个小男孩在角落里哭泣。
find sb.doing sth.发现某人正在做某事。
find sb.do.sth.发现某人做某事（整个过程）
Uint 11 What do you think of game shows?(语法点总结)
一．词组
1．TV shows（电视节目）
soap opera sitcom a comedy an action movie a documentary athriller cartoon Beijing Opera
Animal World Tell it like it is Law Today game show
CCTV News News in 30 Minutes Man and Nature
Chinese Cooking Around China talk show Lucky 52
Sports news sports show Culture China
2． write an article for the school magazine.给学校杂志写一篇文章
3． a thirteen - year - old boy.一个十三岁的男孩
4． wear colorful clothes.穿着颜色鲜艳的衣服
5． interview sb. 采访某人 in fact. 实际上
6. wear scarves. 戴着围巾 think of 想起，考虑到
二．重点句型
1. What do you think of soap operas? I can't stand them.
2. What do you think of sports shows? I don't mind them.
3. What does she think of "Hilltop High"? She doesn't likeit.
4. What does Tony think of Tommy? He likes him.
5. What do they think of Amanda? They love her.
三．重难点解析
1. wear (v. 动词) "穿，戴，佩"。根据不同宾语，翻译不同的汉语意思。
wear earrings 戴耳环 wear a dress 穿连衣裙wear a watch 戴手表
wear a beard 蓄胡子wear long hair 留长发
2. think "想，考虑，思索"（v. 动词）可以和许多介词搭配，组成新的意思。
A：think of "考虑"；"有...的看法"，有时等于think about.
What does he think of Beijing Opera?他对京剧有什么看法？
My mother always thinks of everything!我妈妈总是想到所有的东西。
think highly of sb. /sth. 对某人或某物评价甚高
Mr Black thinks highly of his son. 布莱克先生对他儿子评价甚高。
B：think about "考虑"（指计划，观念，看它是否相宜、可行）
He is thinking about going to China.他正在考虑去中国。
3. too与either的区别
too"也"，表示肯定意义，与肯定的表达方法连用；而either"也不"，表示否定意义，与否定的表达方法连用。
（1）—My brother likes to play soccer.我哥哥喜欢踢足球。—I do,too.我也是（喜欢）。
（2）—My brother doesn't like to play soccer.我哥哥不喜欢踢足球。—I don't,either.
我也不喜欢。
also也可以表示"也"，但一般情况下，too和either放在句子之后，also放在动词之前。
We also love talk shows.我们也喜欢访谈节目。
4. a thirteen - year - old boy 一个十三岁的男孩
此结构中，year用单数形式，且用连字符，这种结构用作定语。
a five - month - old baby 一个五个月大的婴儿
5.enjoy (v. 喜爱，享受)
enjoy后面接名词、代词或动名词，注意与like/ love用法的区别。like/ love还可以接动词不定式（todo）。
I enjoy the soap operas.我喜爱肥皂剧。
I enjoy watching the soap operas.我喜爱看肥皂剧。
但我们不能说：I enjoy to watch the soap operas.
只能说：I like / love to watch the soap operas.
6. mind 表示"介意，反对"的意思时，通常用在疑问句、否定句中。
Would you mind opening the window?请你打开窗子好不好？
He doesn't mind the cold weather at all.他一点都不在乎寒冷的天气。
多用于以下句型：（表示请求或征求意见）后接动名词/名词/代词。
Would you mind (doing) ...?Do you mind (doing) ...?
7. stand 表示忍受（多用于否定句、疑问句）
He can't stand the hot weather.他忍受不了炎热的天气。
Can you stand the pain?你忍受得了疼吗？
9. What do you think of ...? 你认为...怎么样？（谈论对某事物的喜好程度）可选择的回答有：
（1）I like it.
（2）I don't mind it.
（3）I don't like it.
（4）I can't stand it.
（5）I like it very much.
（6）I love it.
（7）It's beautiful.
（8）They're fantastic
Ｕnit 11 What do you think of game shows?(短语句型汇总)
一、词组
talk show 谈话节目
soap opera 肥皂剧
sports show 体育节目
game show 比赛节目
think of 认为
how about… …怎么样？＝what about…
in fact 事实上
a thirteen-year-old boy 一个十三岁的男孩＝ The boy isthirteen years old
talk to(with)… 跟 …谈话
thanks for… 为…感谢
each student 每个学生
key ring 钥匙链
baseball cap 棒球帽
the school magazine 校刊
can’t stand 不能忍受
don’t mind 不介意／无所谓／不在乎
二、句型
(1)—What do you think of the situation comedy?
你认为那部情景喜剧怎样？
-- I love it . 我喜欢它。
(2)—I asked students about fashion.
我问了学生有关流行的话题。
(3)—This is what I think. 这就是我的想法。
(4)--I don’t mind what young people think of me!
我不在乎年轻人们怎么看我。
(5)—Can you please put my letter in next month’s schoolmagazine? 你能把我的信发表在下个月的校刊上吗
三、日常交际用语
(1)—What do you think of soup operas?
你认为连续剧怎样？
--- I love them/I don’t mind them/I can’tstand them/I don’t like.
我喜欢它们。/ 我不在意它们。/ 我不能忍受他们。/ 我不喜欢。
(2)—How about you? ---I do, too.
你的看法呢？ -- 我也喜欢。
(3)--What do you think of …?
--=How do you like…?你觉得……怎么样？
如：What do you think of the picture?
你觉得这幅画怎么样？
=How do you like the picture?
Unit 12 Don't eat in class. (语法点总结)
一．短语
1. in class在课上 2. on school nights 在上学的晚上 3.school rules校规
4. no talking禁止交谈 5. listen tomusic听音乐 6. have to不得不
7. take my dog for a walk带狗去散步 8. eatoutside在外面吃饭 9. in thehallway在走廊上 10. wear auniform穿制服 11. arrive late forclass上学迟到 12. afterschool放学后 17. be in bed在床上 13.practice the guitar练习弹吉它 14. in thecafeteria在自助食堂里 15. meet myfriends和我朋友见面 16. by ten o'clock.十点之前 18. theChildren's Palace少年宫 19. help my mom makedinner帮助我妈做饭
二．重点句型
1.Don’t arrive late for school＝Don’t be late for school
2.Don’t fight ＝
3.Don’t listen to music in the classroom.
4.Don’t run in the hallways
5.Don’t smoke. It’s bad for your health.
6.Don’t play cards in school
7.Don’t talk in class
8.Don’t watch TV on school nights.
9.Don’tsleepinclass.
10.Don’tplaysportsintheclassrooms.
11.Don’t sing songs at night.
12.Don’t talk when you eat.
13.Don’t wear hats in class.
14.Dohomework by 10:00.
15.Clean your house!
16.Make the bed.
17.Can we ……?Yes ,we can.No,we can’t.
Eg:Can we arrive late for class ?
No, we can’t. We can’t arrive late for class.
18.Do you have to wash your clothes?Yes, Ido./No, I don’t.
三． 重难点解析：
1. 情态动词have to 的用法，意思是"必须、不得不"，它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。（1）结构：主语＋haveto＋动词原形＋其他
（一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用has to；句子是过去时，用had to.）如： We have to wearsneakers for gym class. 在体育课上，我们必须穿运动鞋。Tom has to practice theguitar every day. 汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。I had to get up at 5:00 am lastMonday. 上周一，我不得不早上5点起床。
（2）否定形式：主语＋don't have to＋动词原形＋其他
（一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用doesn't have to. 句子是过去时，用didn't have to）
如：Nick doesn't have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。We didn't have todo our homework at once. 我们不必马上完成作业。
（3）疑问句：Do （Does或Did）＋主语＋have to ＋动词原形＋其他
如：Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必须呆在家里吗？Yes, I do./ No, I don't.
是的，我必须。不，我不必。Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night?昨晚，他不得不11点前上床睡觉吗？
2. 情态动词can的用法
（1）表示能力，"会""能"（在第一册中已经学习这种用法）
Can you play the guitar? 你会弹吉它吗？Judy can speak a little Chinese.朱蒂会说一点中文。I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。
（2）表示允许、许可，"可以"、"能"（在这一课中新学的词义）
Can the students run in the hallways? 学生们可以在走廊上跑吗？We can eatoutside. 我们可以在外面吃东西。Can I come in? 我能进来吗？
注意 同样是情态动词，can 和have to的用法是有区别的，和大部分情态动词一样，can在否定句中，直接在can后加上not，在疑问句中，把can放到主语前面，并且没有人称和数的变化。
3. hear，listen和sound都有"听"的意思，但三者是有区别的。
（1）hear"听说"，侧重于"听"的内容
I'm sorry to hear that you are ill. 听说你生病了，我很难过。
I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。
（2）listen"听"侧重于"听"这一动作。Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说。
The children like to listen to music. 孩子们喜欢听音乐。
（3）sound"听起来"，它是系动词，后面接形容词等。That sounds great. 那听起来真不错。
It sounds like fun. 听起来挺有趣。
４. be in bed "在床上、卧床"in 和bed之间不能用冠词，bed也不用复数。
He is in bed for 10 years. 他卧床10年了。Dave has to be in bed earlyevery night.大卫每晚必须很早睡觉。
５. arrive late for 与be late for 意思相近，"迟到"Don't arrive （be）latefor school. 上学别迟到。I arrived （was）late for the meeting yesterday.我昨天开会迟到了。
６. No talking ! "禁止交谈！"no后面加上名词或动名词（doing）也表示不要做某事。与don't+do的用法相似。No wet umbrellas! / Don't put wet umbrellas here!禁止放湿雨伞！
No food! Don't eat food here! 禁止吃食物！No smoking! Don't smokehere! 禁止吸烟！
7．语法（祈使句）
祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召或者劝告等的句子，这类句子的主语常是第二人称you，也就是听话者，因而you常省去了。祈使句的开头是动词原形。
如：Look out! 小心！Wait here for me! 在这等我！
Be sure to come here on time! 务必准时来到这里！
祈使句的否定形式多以do not（常缩写成don't）开头，再加上动词原形。
Don't arrive late for school. 上学别迟到。
Don't fight! 别打架！
Don't look out of the window. 不要向窗外看
Unit 12 Don’t eat in class. (短语句型汇总)
一、词组
school rules 学校规章制度
break the rules 违反规章制度
in the hallways 在过道
listen to music 听音乐
in the music room 在音乐教室里
in the dining hall 在餐厅
sports shoes 运动鞋
gym class 体育课
after school 放学后
have to do 不得不做
too many 太多
get up 起床
by ten o’clock 十点之前
make dinner 做饭
the children’s palace 少年宫
二、句型
(1)—Don’t arrive late for class.
不要上课迟到。
(2)—We can’t listen to music in the hallways, but we can listento it outside. 我们不能在走廊上听音乐，但是我们可以在外面听。
(3)—What else do you have to do?
你们还必须做什么？
-- We have to clean the classroom.
我们必须打扫教室。
(4)--Can we wear hats in school?
我们在校可以戴帽子吗？
--Yes, we can/ No, we can’t.
是的，我们可以。/ 不，我们不可以。
(5)-Do you have to wear a uniform atschool?
那么必须在校穿校服吗？
-Yes, we do /No, wedon’t.
是的，我们必须。/不，我们不必。
重难点精析
祈使句
通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语you(听话人)通常省略。其构成通常有以下几种形式。
1)Be型（即系动词原型be+表语＋其他）。
如：Be quiet, please. 请安静。
否定句Don’t + be+表语+其他。
如：Don’t be angry. 别生气。
2)Do型（即系动词原形＋宾语＋其他）。如：
Open you books, please. 请把书打开。
否定句Don’t +实义动词原形+宾语+其他。
如：Don’t eat in the classroom.
别在教室里吃东西。
3)Let型（即Let+宾语+动词原形+其他）如：
Let me help you. 让我帮你。
Let’s go at six o’clock. 咱们六点钟去吧。
否定句一般在宾语后加not。如：
Let’s not watch TV. 咱们别看电视了吧。
4)No+V-ing型（此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中，意为“禁止做某事“）如：
No smoking! 严禁吸烟！
No talking! 不许交谈！
No passing! 禁止通行！
No parking! 不许停车
everyday，every day的区别
everyday和every day虽然词形相同，但词性和意义不尽相同。
everyday意为“日常的、每天的、普遍的”，常作定语。
例：
Let’s begin with everyday English.
让我们从日常英语开始学起。
The computers have become a necessary part of our everydaylife.
计算机已成为我们日常生活的必要部分。
every day意为“每天、天天”，常作状语。
例：
The students walk through the school gate every day.
学生们每天都通过学校大门。
Some parents collect their children from school every day.
有些家长每天去学校接孩子。
自我测试
根据句意，用every day或everyday填空。
1.Emma goes to school by bike_________.
2.This is an _________dress.
3.I drink a bottle of milk _________ .
4.The child has to stay at home _________ because his parentsare very busy with their work.
答 案：1.every day 2.everyday3.every day 4.every day
will, be going to 和would的用法区别
will,begoingto和would的用法区别(Unit8补充内容)(2007-05-1816:48:53)
will, be going to 和would都有将要或将会干什么的意思，但是在用法上有很大的区别。
will通常表示确定或计划好了的将来会/要发生的事，一般不以个人的主观意志为转移，或者主观上决定了不再改变的事。比如：Iwill be 30 next month（不是我啊）. It will rain tomorrow (根据气象台的报道). Iwill donate $1000 to my alma mater（也不是我啊）。
be going to通常表示即将要做或发生的事，主观愿望或判断很强烈，中文里相当于“打算”。美语口语常说成gonna. Iam going to play soccer this afternoon. It's gonna be raining(我的判断). I am not gonna buy that car right now, but I'll do it afterI get a job. （感受一下going to 和 will的差别)
两者的区别还在于，will 较 be going to 更书面化一些，be going to更口语化，通常说成gonna,但说be goingto也很正常，不过，如果你说英语不是那么地道就不要说gonna，否则人家反而觉得别扭。好比一个普通话都说不清楚的南方人，到了北京，本来人家也不会笑话你什么，不过你什么都没学会就，“边儿去”倒说得挺标准，还老用个没完，那听了可就有点儿别扭了。另外，有时候will和be going to 的区别也不明显，两者常可以互换使用，初学者不用太为计较。
至于 would，很有讲头啊。它原来是will的过去式。所以它的第一功能是表示过去将会发生的事。比如：
He told me he would not eat my mom's pancake.
The baby was born to a poor farmer's family. Nobody knew hewould become the 21th president of United States of America 40years later. （这是我随口瞎编的啊）
The driver would have been in trouble if he'd drunk thatnight.
would的第二层用法是最常见的和like或love联用，表示很想或很愿意做一件事，love则比like更为强烈。有些朋友想学一些最基本实用有趣的东西，这里我就引用一个美国朋友给我发的email中的一段，他恰好like和love都用了。Wewould like you to join our family for a traditional Christmasdinner on 25 December. We would love to have you come to Estes Parkand enjoy a meal at our table and see some of our winterbeauty.
would的第三层用法在于，表示客气，猜测或不确定等软化的语气。我们知道，英文里很多情愿动词都有这个用法，比如may-might,can-could (将另文介绍)。
客气：Your assistance would be highly appreciated. Would you giveme a hand? Would you shut up?
猜测或不确定：Jim would not stay there for a long time. 如果这里用will或isgoing to来取代，则表示说话的人有足够的理由或证据做这个判断，Jim计划中不会呆太久，或他这次没打算呆太久。用would只表示一种猜测，基于对Jim这个人一贯做法的了解，而不是瞎猜的。言下之意就是说，（以Jim这个人的一贯做法），他是不会在那儿呆太长时间的。
由此引出would的第四种用法，表示一种倾向和一贯做法。比如：I would say I don't like Bush'sadministration. 这里省略的潜台词是，（如果你一定要我下一个判断的话），我会说我不喜欢布什政府。如果说成是I willsay的话，感觉上就很困惑，没有人逼你说嘛，或者好象你安排好了要在一个讲话里或者小品中讲这句台词。
再举一个生动一点的例子，有一次我到超市里去买菜，看到一个美国妇女在买bokchoy（就是中国人说的小白菜，实际是广东话的音译。这里也说明了小谢前贴中的那个观点，英语的包容性是很强的；另一个例子是ketchup，很多人不知道怎么来的，其实也是广东话茄汁的音译），我当时就觉得很奇怪，因为通常美国人不会吃这种绿叶子的蔬菜（spinach是一个例外,不过大力水手Popeye也只是吃罐头菠菜的），所以我就问她：Howwould you cook it? 在这里，我的意思是，通常你会把白菜怎么做呢？如果我说will 或者 are goingto的话，当然不是不可以，但那样就变成“就事论事”，就这一次你买的白菜你打算怎么做？这样一来不仅没有表达出我的原意，对方还一定会感到很奇怪：他管我这次怎么做干什么呀？她后来回答说：Ihave no idea. （我倒！）然后指着不远处另一个中国男子说：My husband would cook it.（难怪！！！）看，这里，她也没有用will或is goingto，表示说我们家的白菜通常都是我先生来做的，至于怎么做我也搞不清楚，反正我是只管吃了。
would的这个用法通常是和虚拟和条件语气紧密联系在一起的，可以说是虚假或条件语气下的一种省略的说法。就是说，假如什么什么，你“会”（would)如何如何。比如刚才布什政府和Jim的那两个例子，省掉了前面“你一定要我说的话”和“基于Jim的一贯做法”这半截儿。
最后我们再来比较一下would在虚拟和条件语气中的用法，并感受一下虚拟和条件语气的区别。
a. The driver would have been in trouble if he'd drunk thatnight.
b. I would give him a ride if he drinks too much.
大家看出这两句哪一句是虚拟哪一句是条件语气了吗？对了，a句是虚拟，b句是条件。a句中说的是，事实上那个司机那天晚上是没有喝酒的，而假如（虚拟语气来了）他喝了的话，那他就会有麻烦了（他其实那晚也没有麻烦）。大家记住，所有虚拟语气都要在时态上往过去式上升一格，也就是说，现在时的改过去时，过去时的改过去完成时，将来时的改过去将来时，将来完成时的改过去将来完成时（不信你还没晕），以此类推。至于b句，则是条件语气，如果他喝得太多的话，我会送他的。但不是“就事论事”地特指今晚哦，只要他喝醉了，我都会这么做的，不管是什么时候。
再看三个句子：
c. I will give him a ride if he drinkstonight（打定主意要这么做了，事前计划好了的）.
d. Since he's drunk too much tonight, I am going to give him aride（我这就准备这么做，当然用will也不是不可以）.
e. I would like to give him a ride even if he hadn't drunk atall （我很愿意这么做。又是虚拟啊，看出来了吗，他喝酒了！）.
如果你能精确地体会从a到e每个句子的说话人所表达的潜含的意味和心情，今天这一段我就没白讲。
所有内容均来自个人心得和体会，如和教科书有出入，请读者自行判断。I am not going to take anyresponsibilities for it. 不尽出处，请大家补充指正。
Unit 1 补充资料
1)weekend与weekends的区别
on the weekend , on weekends
at the weekend , at weekends
分别表示某个固定的周末, 和一般性的每个周末.
英国英语,习惯用at, 而美国英语,习惯使用 on. (这个还需要再查一下)
2)it，this 和that都是指示代词，使用时有"八注意"
2.1)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。如：
This is an apple tree. (近处)这是一棵苹果树。
That is an orange tree.（远处）那是一棵桔子树。
2.2)放在一起的两样东西，先说this, 后说that。 如：
This is a pen. That is a pencil.这是一枝钢笔，那是一枝铅笔。
2.3)向别人介绍某人时说 "This is ..." 不用 "That is ..."。如：
This is Tom. Tom, this is Jack. 这是汤姆。汤姆，这是杰克。
2.4)This is 不能缩写，而 that is 可以缩写成that's。 如：
This is a bus. That's a car. 这是一辆公共汽车，那是一辆轿车。
2.5)在回答this 或 that 作主语的疑问句时，要用 it 代替 this 或 that。如：
-Is this a book? 这是一本书吗？
-Yes, it is. 是的，这是本书。
-What's that? 那是什么？
-It's a kite. 那是个风筝。
2.6)打电话时，介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。注意不可用 "I am ..."或 "Are you ...""Who are you?" 等句式。如：
-Hello! Is that Miss Green? 你好！你是格林小姐吗？
-Yes. This is Miss Green speaking. Who's that?是的，我是格林小姐，你是谁？
-Oh. This is Mr Brown. 哦，我是布朗先生。
2.7)指性别不明的婴儿、身份不明的人或是只闻其声未见其人的时候用it而不用this或that。如：
-It's a nice picture. Who's in it? 这是张好看的照片，上面的人是谁？
-Me!是我！
2.8)It 常用来代替前文中所提到的东西。如：
初一英语易错知识点归类例析
英语有很多很细小的知识点，而这些细小的知识点往往就是考点。同学们很容易由于注意不到而犯错误，下面我们就将初一年级中，同学们比较容易犯错误的知识点做一个汇总，大家看一看，自己比较容易犯哪类错误呢？
[第一类] 名词类
1. 这些女老师们在干什么?
[误] What are the woman teachers doing?
[正] What are the women teachers doing?
[析] 在英语中,当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单或复数形式)时,作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式;但当man,woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时,要用其复数形式men, women。
2. 房间里有多少人?
[误] How many peoples are there in the room?
[正] How many people are there in the room?
[析] people作“人、人们”解时,是个集合名词,其单复数同形。
3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。
[误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.
[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.
[析] 表示不可数名词的数量时,常用“a / an或数词 +表量的可数名词 + of + 不可数名词”这一结构,其中当数词大于1时,表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。
[第二类] 动词类
4. 你妹妹通常什么时候去上学?
[误] What time does your sister usually goes to school?
[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?
[析] 借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时,句中的谓语动词用其原形。
5. 琳达晚上经常做作业,但今晚她在看电视。
[误] Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this eveningshe watching TV.
[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but thisevening she is watching TV.
[析]在初一英语学习阶段,我们接触到了两种主要时态：一般现在时和现在进行时。一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常和often,usually, sometimes等时间状语连用。在一般现在时的句子中,若主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用其第三人称单数形式。现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作,现在进行时由be(am/ is / are) + ving形式构成。
6 这双鞋是红色的。
[误] This pair of shoes are red.
[正] This pair of shoes is red.
[析] 在shoes, trousers, gloves,glasses等表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词前用pair(表计量)修饰时,谓语动词的形式由pair的单复数形式来决定。
[第三类] 代词类
7. 这张票是她的,不是我的。
[误] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.
[正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.
[析]物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。形容词性物主代词之后一定要接名词,而名词性物主代词之后不需接任何词。
8. 吴老师教我们英语。
[误] Miss Wu teaches our English.
[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.
[析] teach sb. sth.中的sb.作teach的宾语,因此当sb.为人称代词时要用其宾格形式
第四类（介词类）
9. 你能找到这个问题的答案吗?
[误] Can you find the answer of this question?
[正] Can you find the answer to this question?
[析] 英语中用“the answer to ...”表示“……的答案”。类似结构还有the key to the door,the way to the zoo等。
10. 格林先生星期六上午来这里。
[误] Mr Green will come here in Sunday evening.
[正] Mr Green will come here on Sunday evening.
[析] 表示在上午、下午等时,介词要用in;而表示在具体的某天上午、下午时,介词要用on。
11. 那个穿着红裙子的小女孩是我们老师的女儿。
[误] That little girl on a red skirt is ourteacher’s daughter.
[正] That little girl in a red skirt is ourteacher’s daughter.
[析] 用介词表示“穿戴衣物”时,只能用in,其他介词没有此用法。
第五类（副词类）
12. 莉莉,你为什么不回家呢?
[误] Lily, why don’t you go to home?
[正] Lily, why don’t you go home?
[析] come, go 等后接here, there, home等地点副词时,地点副词前不加to。
第六类（连词类）
13. 我喜欢语文和英语,但我不喜欢体育和历史。
[误] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E.andhistory.
[正] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E.orhistory.
[析] 在肯定句中并列成分之间用and来连接;而在否定句中,并列成分之间的连接需用or。
第七类（冠词类）
14. 乘飞机去北京花了史密斯一家人一个小时。
[误] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.
[正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.
[析] 1．表示“……一家人”用结构“the + 姓氏复数”；
2．our一词的第一个字母不发音,它是以元音音素开头的,所以“一小时”要用 an hour；
3．用介词by表示“乘坐”某种交通工具时,交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。
第八类 句法类
15.――你不是学生吗?――不,我是学生。
[误] ――Aren’t you astudent?――No, I am.
[正] ――Aren’t you astudent?――Yes, I am.
[析]对否定疑问句的回答是用Yes还是用No,这取决于实际情况:如果事实是肯定的,就用Yes表“不”；如果事实是否定的,就用No表“是的”。
