新目标英语九年级 新目标英语九年级Unit 14 重难点解析

新目标英语九年级第十四单元重点知识小结

I.重点词汇

  in----after                                             

  already----yet----still

  ago----before                                           

  have to----must

  the number of----a number of----numbers of

  some day----one day----the other day                    

  few---a few---little---a little

  else---other                                          

  one more----another----one

  through----across----cross                     

  kid----children

II.重点词组

  clean out                                        in a minute

  turn off                                         get back (to)

  do one’s homework                               take…for a walk

 

  get up                                           the number of

  win an award                                     go on a tour

  some day                                         say goodbye to

  wash the dishes                                  one more

  in search of                                     thousand of

  so far                                           between…and…

  go for walks                                     thanks to

  look forward to

III.重点句子

1.Have you packed the camera yet?

2.He started telling me about all of the chores he had to do when he was a kid.

3.Be sure not to miss them if they come to a city.

4.Good luck to the New Ocean Wave.

5.It’s your job to wash the dished.

6.It’s your turn.

IV.话题语法

1.谈论近期的事情

2.现在完成时:have/has+动词的过去分词

新目标九年级英语单元重点讲解Unit14 Have you packed yet?重难点解析
Unit14 Have you packed yet? 重难点解析(1)

重点词汇
bathing  suit  towel  water  guidebook  refrigerator  garage  suitcase  chop  wood  light village  well  form  member  scene  last  major  hit  appear  miss  lead  mostly  air  root overseas  ancestor  homeland  search  affair  mainly  farmer field  deeply  point  strongly clear  abroad  connect  local
clean out  put in  turn off  some day  be off  in search of

详解
1. suit [sjut, sju:t] n.请求,求婚,起诉,一套衣服。它可作及物或不及物动词用,意思是“适合,中……的意,(使)配合,(使)适应,相称,彼此协调”等。
【例】 (1)The government granted the minority group’s suit for autonomy.
政府批准了这一少数民族申请自治的请求。
(2)Mr Li has been pressing his suit with Miss Wang.
李先生一直在向王小姐求婚。
(3)John brought a suit in the local court against his boss.
约翰在地方法院告了他老板一状。
(4)Mr Zhang came in the classroom in a new suit.
张老师穿着一套新衣服进了教室。
(5)The time table suits me very well.
这个时间表对我很合适。
(6)She is not suited for teaching.
她不适合于教学。
(7)He failed to suit his action to his word.
他没有做到言行一致。
(8)His new job suits well with his abilities.
他的新工作与他的能力很相称。
2. water vt.& vi.浇水,浇灌;流泪,流口水。可作名词用,表示“水,水位,口水,尿”。复数表示“矿泉水,海域,水域”等。
【例】 (1)He often waters the flowers.
他经常浇花。
(2)His mouth watered at the sight of the pies.
他一看见馅饼口水就流了出来。
(3)The smoke made her eyes water.
烟熏得她两眼流泪。
(4)I tried hard to keep my head above water.
我好容易才免于灭顶之灾。
(5)The battle was fought in Chinese waters.
这次海战是在中国海域进行的。
(6)She helped the baby to make water.
她把着婴儿小便。
3. wood [wud] n.作“木材、木头”解时是不可数名词;作“森林、树林”解时是可数名词,且常用复数。
【例】 (1)The students picniced in a nearby woods.
学生们在附近树林里举行野餐。
(2)The boy’s job was to collect wood while his sister’s was to feed the pigs.
这男孩的任务是打柴,他妹妹的任务是喂猪。
(3)Nowadays not much furniture is made of wood.
现在已没有多少家具是用木料做的。
4. light [lait]含义很多,既可作动词用,还可作名词或形容词和副词用,举例说明之。
【例】 (1)He lighted a cigarette. (vt.)
他点了一根香烟。
(2)Her face lit up at the news.(vi.)
她听到这消息顿时显出高兴的神色。
(3)He wrote by the light of a candle. (n.)
他在烛光下写字。
(4)It’s beginning to get light. (adj.)
天渐渐亮了。
(5)There was a light rain. (adj.)
下了一场小雨。
(6)She is light of her feet. (adj.)
她脚步轻快。
(7)The nurse treads light in the ward. (adv.)
护士在病房里走路脚步轻。
(8)I lit upon a valuable stamp. (vi.)
我偶然搞到一张珍贵邮票。
5. last [la:st] adj.最后的,最近的,最后过去的,紧接前面的,仅余的,极少可能的,最终的,最新式的。可作副词和名词。还可作动词用,表示“持续,维持”。
【例】 (1)The captain was the last to leave.
船长是最后离开船的。
(2)He has been ill for the last three weeks.
这三个星期他在生病。
(3)This is our last hope.
这是我们最后的希望了。
(4)He would be the last man to say such things.
他决不会说这种话。
(5)I’m to speak last at the meeting.
我将最后一个在会上发言。
(6)They held on to the last.
他们坚持到最后。
(7)How long will the fine weather last?
好天气能持续多久?
(8)This overcoat will last me a lifetime.
这件大衣够我穿一辈子。
6. appear vi.出现,看来,好像。它的反义词是disappear;名词是appearance,可以表示“外表,外貌”。
【例】 (1)He didn’t appear until six.
他到六点才露面。
(2)Why does she appear so sad?
她看上去为什么那么忧愁呢?
(3)The plane disappeared in the cloud.
飞机在云层里消失。
(4)We don’t know why he made no appearance at the office today.
我们不知道他今天为什么没到办公室来。
(5)The dog is like a wolf in appearance.
这只狗看上去像只狼。
7. miss [mis] vi.错过,遗漏,想念,未达到。可作名词用,表示“小姐;失误;避免”。
【例】 (1)She overslept and missed the train.
她睡过头,误了火车。
(2)Goerge missed the point of my joke.
乔治没明白我那句笑话的意思。
(3)His mother is missing him terribly.
他母亲十分想念他。
(4)When she read that text, she missed out a few important words.
她读课文时漏掉了几个重要的词。
(5)He hit the target three times without a miss.
他三发三中。
(6)Yours was really a lucky miss.
你这一次真是幸免。
(7)Miss Margaret Green is our English teacher.
玛格丽特·格林小姐是我们的英语老师。
8. search vt.& vi.搜查搜索,细看,详细调查,穿过,探究。可作名词用。
【例】 (1)The professor searched a book for a passage worth quoting.
教授在一本书里查找值得引的一段话。
(2)I searched my memory but can’t recall what he said.
我拼命回忆,可想不起他说了什么。
(3)The cold wind searched the streets.
寒风吹遍街道的每个角落。
(4)It took me three days to search our an old classmate in this town.
我花了三天时间才在这镇上找到一位老同学。
(5)Medical workers are trying to search into the root of SARS.
医学界正在努力探索非典的根源。
(6)The old woman travelled all the way to this city in search of her long lost son.
那位老妇人大老远地到这个城市来寻找失散已久的儿子。
9. clear vt.& vi.清除,扫除;穿过,越过;为……结关,净得;消失。它可以作形容词和副词用。
【例】 (1)He cleared the pavement of withered leaves.
他清除了人行道上的落叶。
(2)The jumper cleared 2.40 metres.
这位跳高选手越过了2.40米。
(3)They cleared the ship and were ready to start the voyage.
他们为这艘船结了关,准备起航。
(4)In this deal she cleared ten thousand yuan.
在这笔交易中,她净得一万元。
(5)The children cleared out as soon as the nurse made her appearance.
老师一出现,孩子们就跑掉了。
(6)I’m sorry to have failed to make myself clear.
很抱歉,我没把自己的意思讲清楚。
(7)The students aren’t quite clear about what the teacher meant.
学生们不太清楚老师的意思。
(8)We have walked three kilometres clear.
我们已经足足步行了三公里。
Unit14 Have you packed yet? 重难点解析(2)
 
关键句型
Have you packed yet?
I have already watered them.
What about your bike?
Are you ready, Tina?
I haven’t cleaned out the refrigerator yet.
I’ll do it in a minute.
Have you ever been to a concert?
Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
What else?
It’s your job to wash the dishes.
One more thing.
 
句型详解
1. Have you packed yet?
你已经包装好了吗?
yet表示“仍然,还”多用于否定、疑问句中;still“仍然,还”多用于肯定句中;already“已经”多用于肯定句中,在疑问中常用yet替换,already用于疑问或否定句中表示惊奇。三个词都常与完成时连用。
【例】 (1)Have you had your lunch yet?
你已吃过中饭了吗?
(2)They’re still working hard.
他们仍然努力地工作。
(3)They haven’t finished their homework yet.
他们还没有完成家庭作业。
(4)Our visitors have come already.
来宾已到。
(5)Have you already had breakfast?
难道你吃过早饭了吗?
(6)You’re not leaving us already, are you?
你不会就要离开我们吧,是不是?
2. Have you turned off your radio?
你关掉收音机了吗?
turn off是切断电源的意思,它的反义词是turn on。
【例】 (1)His mother told him to turn off TV and do his homework.
他母亲叫他关掉电视去做作业。
(2)He turned on the radio as soon as he got home.
他一到家就打开收音机。
3. I have so many chores to do today.
我今天有太多的杂活要做。
so many“太多”,后跟可数名词的复数形式,so much“大多”后跟不可数名词。
【例】 (1)The students have so much homework to do every day.
学生们每天都有太多的家庭作业要做。
(2)The woman had so much sweet food that she became very fat.
那妇女甜食吃得太多,结果变得很胖。
(3)He said he had so many books to read.
他说他有太多的书要读。
(4)Her mother always has so many things to do.
她母亲总有太多的事要做。
4. …and do some shopping.
我要买东西。
do some shopping表示“购物”,do+v.-ing形式可以构成很多短语。
【例】 (1)He often does some reading in the evening.
他经常晚上看点书。
(2)She often helps her mother do some washing.
她常帮妈妈洗衣服。
(3)Do you do some cleaning on Sunday?
星期天你打扫卫生吗?
5. He started telling me about…
他告诉我有关……。
start, begin都表示“开始”,后可跟不定式或动名词作宾语。但主语不是指人而是指物时,谓语是进行时态时,宾语是感觉或心理活动时,最好用不定式。
【例】 (1)When Edison was twelve, he began/started selling newspapers on trains.
当爱迪生十二岁时,他就在火车上卖报。
(2)I’m starting to cook the dinner.
我在开始做饭。
(3)The ice began to melt.
冰开始融化。
(4)She started to wonder why a girl was not the same as a man.
她开始想要搞清女子与男子为什么不一样。
(5)I started to listen to the other students discuss social problems and soon I began to take part.
我开始听其他学生讨论社会问题,但很快我便开始加入。
6. In the past twelve months they’ve had three major concerts and made a hit CD.
在过去的十二个月里他们举行了三次大型演唱会,出了一盘火暴的CD。
for/in the past/last twelve months/years/days/etc.常与现在完成时态连用。
【例】 (1)For the past few days he has been ill.
几天来他一直生病。
(2)She has been ill for the last three days.
这三个星期他在生病。
(3)In the past three years we have learned two thousand English words.
三年来我们学了二千个英语单词。
7.…but we really hope to have a number one hit some day.
但我们真希望有一天会有一首轰动的。
hope to do sth.“希望做某事”,不能说hope sb. to do sth. 。some day指“(将来)某一天”。
【例】 (1)We hope to see you again soon.
我希望很快见到你。
(2)She hopes to visit Wuhu some day.
她希望有一天能访问芜湖。
8. We are leaving in an hour.
我们一小时后动身。
本句是进行时态表示将来,表示即将发生的动作或计划好的活动以及表示逐渐变化都可用进行时态表示将来。表示将来的一段时间之后用介词in,而不是after。
【例】 (1)Are you staying with us this weekend?
这个周末和我们一起过吗?
(2)He is dying.
他快死了。
(3)Our teacher will visit England in a month.
我们的老师一个月后访问英国。
9. So far, it has brought thousands of….
迄今为止已经带动成千上万的……。
so far= up to now=by now“到目前为止”常与现在完成时连用。
【例】 (1)So far, no man has travelled farther than the moon.
到目前为止还没有人到过比月球远的地方。
(2)I’ve written two thirds of this book so far.
到目前为止,我已完成这本书的三分之二了。
(3)The weather has been very hot so far this summer.
今年夏天到现在为止,一直很热。
10. They walk through the countryside.
他们走过了乡村。
through“穿过,通过”,有从空间或物体中间通过之意。across“横过”,有从物体表面通过之意。past“经过、路过”。
【例】 (1)He swam across the river the day before yesterday.
他前天游过了这条河。
(2)We walked past a bookstore.
我们路过了一家书店。
(3)A little girl was walking through a forest.
一个小女孩在穿过森林。

Section A 内容详解

 

Language Goal:Talk about recent events

语言目标:谈论最近发生的事情。

1a

    What are the three most important things to pack when you go on a beach vacation? A city vacation? Write your ideas below.

    当你要去海滨度假时,在打包时最重要的三件东西是什么?到城市度假呢?

在下面写出你的见解。

A beach vacation 海滨度假

Sightseeing in a city 在城市观光

1.bathing suit①游泳衣

2.________________

3.________________

1.________________

2.________________

3.________________

    Have you packed the beach towels yet②? No, I haven't.

    你把浴巾放进包里了吗?没有,我没放。

要点解疑

    ①bathing shit是“游泳衣”,统指各种游泳衣,女游泳衣常用swimming costume或swim-suit来表示,男游泳衣用trunks来表示。

    例如:He went to the beach in a hurry, but he forgot to bring the trunks.

    他匆忙赶到海滨,但是忘记了带游泳衣。

    He found that he took the swim-suit by mistake.

    他发现他拿错了游泳衣。

    ②yet是个副词,无比较等级,用于否定句时是“还;尚;迄今;到那时”的意思;用于疑问句时,意思是“已经”。

    例如:She is not yet here.她还未到。

    We have received no news from him yet.

    我们还没有收到他的任何消息。

    Is everything ready yet? No, not yet.

    一切都准备好了吗?不,还没有准备好。

    在现在完成时的句子中,常用副词already,在否定句、疑问句中,常用副词yet.

    例如:I have already finished my homework.我已经做完作业了。

    I haven't finished my homework yet.我还没有做完作业。

    Have you finished your homework yet? No, not yet.

    你做完作业了吗?还没有。

1b

    Listen and check(√)the chores the people have already done.

    听录音,用(√)标出人们已经做了的琐事。

    _________ packed the camera               _______ watered the plants

             把相机放进包里                           给花草浇水

    _________ locked the windows              ________ bought a travel guidebook

             把窗户锁上                                买本旅行手册

    ________ bought a street map              ________ packed the beach towels

             买个街道平面图                            把浴巾放进包里

听力原文再现

Woman:Have you packed the beach towels yet?

Boy: No, I haven't.Can't Judy pack them?

Woman: No, she's busy. Could you please water the plants?

Boy: I've already watered them.

Woman: Oh, thanks.

Man: What about the travel guidebook and the street map?

Woman: I've already bought the travel guidebook, but I haven't got the street map yet.

Man:That's OK.I'll get it.Have you packed the camera?

Boy:Yup.I've already put it in my suitcase.

Woman:Well, I guess that's everything.

Boy:Almost everything. We haven't locked the windows yet.

1b题参考答案:

packed the camera, watered the plants, bought a travel guidebook

1c

    Pairwork  结对练习

    Make conversations.Use the information from activity 1b.

    用1b活动中所提供的信息,编写会话。

    A:Have you watered the plants yet? 你浇了花草了吗?

    B:Yes, I have already watered them.是的,我已经浇过了。

2a

    Listen.Who said each thing? Write“M”for Mark or“T”for Tina.

    听录音,每件事情是谁说的?马克说的写上“M”,蒂娜说的写上“T”。

    1.No. I haven't cleaned out the refrigerator yet.________

    不,我还没有清理完冰箱。

    2.I've already put it in the garage.________

    我已经把它放进了车库。

    3.But I haven't locked the garage yet.________

    但是我还没有把车库锁上。

    4.I've already done most of my jobs.________

    我已经干完了我的大部分工作。

    5.Not yet.I'll do it in a minute.________

    还没有,我马上就去做。

    6.Yes, I have.________

    是的,我做完了。

听力原文再现

    Boy: Mom and Dad said they want to leave in ten minutes.Are you ready, Tina?

    Girl: No.I haven't cleaned out the refrigerator yet.I have to do that right now.

    Boy: Tina! You're unbelievable.What about your bike?

    Girl: I've already put it in the garage.But I haven't locked the garage yet.

    That's your job, Mark.

    Boy: I know.I've already done most of my jobs.I've taken out the trash.

    Girl: Have you fed the cat yet?

    Boy: Not yet.I'll do it in a minute.Have you turned off your radio?

    Girl: Yes, I have.I think we're almost ready.

2a题参考答案:

1.T  2.T  3.T  4.M  5.M  6.T

2b

Listen again and match each question below with an answer from activity 2a.

再听一遍录音,从2a活动中找出下面每个问题的答案。

Have you fed the cat yet? ________

你喂猫了吗?

What about your bike? ________

你的自行车怎么样?

Are you ready①,Tina? ________

你准备好了吗,蒂娜?

Have you turned off your radio? ________

你关掉收音机了吗?

要点解疑

    ready是形容词,常在句中做表语,意思是“有准备的;甘心的;自愿的”。它的反义词是unwilling;get ready意思是“准备好”。强调准备就绪。

    例如:He is ready for school.他准备上学。

    They are ready to start.他们准备出发。

    He gets ready for a journey.他准备好去旅行。

2b题参考答案:

5  2  1  6

2c

    Pairwork  结对练习

    Use the information in activities 2a and 2b to role play a conversation.

    用2a和2b活动所提供的信息,分角色进行会话。

A: Are you ready, Tina? 你准备好了吗,蒂娜?

B: No.I haven't cleaned out the refrigerator yet.

没有,我还没有把冰箱清理完。

Grammar Focus 语法重点

Have you watered the plants yet?

你浇了花草了吗?

No, I haven't.

不,还没有。

Have you packed the camera yet?

你把照相机放进包里了吗?

Yes, I've already put it in my suitcase.

是的,我已把它放进了我的小提箱里。

Have you fed the cat?

你喂猫了吗?

No, I haven't fed her yet.

没有,我还没有喂它。

语法贯通

现在完成时的构成及应用

    1.现在完成时是由“助动词have/has+动词的过去分词”构成的,单数第三人称用has,其他人称用have。否定式是在助动词后加not,也可以缩写为haven't/hasn't;一般问句是把助动词提到句首。

    2.现在完成时的用法。

    (1)到现在为止的这一时期中发生的情况(可能是多次动作的组合,也可表示状态和习惯性的动作)。

    例如:He has lived here since 1988.

    自从1988年以来,他一直住在这儿。(指延续情况)

    She has been ill for three days.她病了三天了。(指状态)

    I've always walked to work.我一直步行去上班。(指习惯性动作)

    (2)对现在有影响的某一已发生的动作。

    例如:I have seen the movie many times.

    这部电影我看过很多次了。(对内容很熟悉)

    The visitors have already left.

    参观的人都走了。(现在人不在这儿了)

    You've grown much taller.你长得高多了。(与过去相比)

    3.使用现在完成时的注意事项。

    (1)含有终止或短暂意义的单词,如begin, end, come, go, join等,不可与其连用。

    (2)where和when引起的疑问句中,一般不用现在完成时态。(Where have you been?除外)。

    4.一般过去时与现在完成时的区别。

    现在完成时的基本特点是它和现在有密切的联系,或是说迄今为止这一段时间的情况,或是说一个影响现在的动作,这样它不是从时间上就是从后果上和现在联系了起来。根据这个特点,我们可以判断什么时候用一般过去时,什么时候用现在完成时。

    (1)当有一个表示过去某时的时间状语时,不能用现在完成时,而要用一般过去时。

    例如:I saw her a minute ago.我刚才还见到她的。

    Li Ming came to see you just now.刚才李明来看你。

    When did you arrive in Tianjin? 你什么时候到达天津的?

    (2)当有一个表示到现在为止这段时间的状语时,用现在完成时。

    例如:We haven't had any P.E.classes this week.

    这星期我们还没有上过体育课。

    He has learned a lot of things since he joined the army.

    他参军以来学到了很多东西。

    So far we have planted over five hundred trees.

    到现在为止,我们栽了五百多棵树了。

    (3)在用already, yet, just, as yet, ever, never这类副词作状语时,常用现在完成时。

    例如:This is the second game.They've already won a game.

    这是第二场比赛,他们已经赢了一场。

    Have you got the plan ready yet? No, not yet.

    你把计划做好了吗?还没做好。

    We haven't reached an agreement as yet.我们还没有达成协议。

    Have you ever been to Beijing? Yes, I have.

    你曾经去过北京吗?是的,去过。

    I've never heard of anything like that.

    我从没听说过这样的事。

    注意:ever, never也可以和一般过去时连用。

    例如:Did you ever hear such a thing? 你曾听说过这样的事吗?

    I never met such a careless man.我从未碰见过这样粗心大意的人。

   (4)在单纯谈论一个过去的动作,不涉及它对现在的影响时,通常用一般过去时。

    例如:Did you get up very early this morning? 今天早上你起得很早吗?

    What did you have for lunch? 午饭你吃的什么?

    What did she say about it? 关于这件事她是怎么说的?

3a

    Read the e-mail message and underline the different chores.

    读读这份电子邮件,在不同的琐事下面划线。

    Subject: So busy!    From:Crystal

    主题:太忙了!    发件人:克瑞斯托

    Hi, Jake,

    嗨,雅各:

    Sorry I couldn't get back to you sooner.I have so many chores to do today.I have to do

    十分抱歉没能快一点给你回发邮件。我今天有太多的琐事要做。当然,我必须做家

my homework, of course.I started about an hour ago, but I haven't finished.Then I have to take

庭作业。    我大约一小时前开始做,但是还没有做完。           然后,我必须牵着我

the dog for a walk, water my mom's plants, and do some shopping.I haven't done any of those

的狗去散步,      给我妈妈的花草浇水,买东西。           我还什么事情也没有做,

things yet because my grandfather came to chat① to me.He loves talking, and I love listening to

因为我爷爷来跟我一起聊天了。                   他很爱说话,而我又很喜欢听他说。

him.He started telling me about all of the chores he had to do when he was a kid.He had to get

    他开始告诉我有关他小时候必须做的一切琐事。                       他早上

 up at 5 a.m. and chop wood and light the fire for breakfast.Then he had to collect water② from

五点钟必须起床,劈木头点炉子做早饭。    然后他必须到村子里的水井

the village well.Then he had to feed the animals—he and his family lived on the farm.

去挑水。         接下来,他必须去喂牲口——他和他的家人住在农场里。

    Anyway, I have to run now.

    无论如何,我得走(下线)了。

Take care,

关心你的

Crystal

克瑞斯托

要点解疑

    ①chat意思是“闲谈;聊天;非正式淡话”,后面常跟介词with.常用句式是have a chat with sb.

    例如:I had a long chat with a friend yesterday afternoon.

    昨天下午我和一个朋友闲谈了很长时间。

    They had a long chat with me about my job.

    他们就我的工作问题和我谈了很长时间。

    ②collect water意思是“挑水”。collect作及物动词时是“收集;采集;搜集;接走;领取(信件等)”意思,它的同义词足gather。

    例如:I have collected stamps for many years.我集邮很多年了。

    He collected the children from school.他接孩子们放学。

3a题参考答案:

    1.do my homework  2.take the dog for a walk  3.water my mom's plants

    4.do some shopping  5.chop wood    6.light the fire

    7.collect water    8.feed the animals

3b

    Groupwork  小组活动

    A student pretends to be one of the people below.It's 12:00 noon.The group asks questions to find out who he or she is pretending to be.

    一个学生装扮成下表中的一个人。中午十二点钟。小组成员问他问题,找出他/她装扮的是谁。

    A: Have you bought a newspaper? 你买了报纸了吗?

    B: Yes, I've already bought a newspaper.是的,我买了一张报纸。

9:00 am

do my homework

做家庭作业

water the plants

浇花草

buy a newspaper

买报纸

10:00 am

buy a newspaper

买报纸

feed the dog

喂狗

do my homework

做家庭作业

11:00 am

feed the dog

喂狗

do my homework

做家庭作业

clean my room

打扫我的房间

12:00 noon

 

 

 

1:00

water the plants

浇花草

clean my room

打扫我的房间

water the plants

浇花草

2:00 pm

clean my room

打扫我的房间

buy a newspaper

买报纸

feed the dog

喂狗

4

    Groupwork  小组活动

    Think about the things you have to do this week.Make a list of the things you have done and the ones haven't done yet.Then ask two other students.

    想一想你在本周要做的事情。把你已做的事情和未做的事情列出一个表格来。然后问另外两个学生。

 

 要点直击[English notes]

    1.—Have you watered the plants yet ?你已经给那些花草浇水了吗?

    —Yes, I have already watered them.是的,我已经浇过了。

    【注意】(1)water用作名词,不可数,“水”。也可用作动词,“浇水,浇灌”。

    I’m thirsty and want some water to drink.我口渴,想喝点水。Please water the flowers every morning.每天早上给花浇水。

    (2)have watered是现在完成时结构。

    【点拨】现在完成时has/have done

    现在完成时的意义:①指过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,简称为“过去对现在”。(瞬间动词适用于这种情况)②指过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。简称为“过去到现在”。(延续性动词适用于这种情况)

    yet和already与现在完成时

    yet和already都是副词,通常和现在完成时连用。yet一般用于现在完成时的否定句和疑问句中,当yet用于否定句时,意为“还,仍然”;当yet用于疑问句时,意为“已经”。already多用于现在完成时的肯定句中,意为“已经”。例如:

    ①—Have you packed your school things yet?你收拾好学习用品了吗?

    —Not yet.还没有。

    ②I have already finished the work.我已经完成了工作。

    2. No. I haven’t cleaned out the refrigerator yet.不,我还没有清洁冰箱。

    注意①haven’t cleaned out...yet?现在完成时的否定形式。

    ②clean out“清除,打扫干净”,同义词组为clean up。此处clean是动词“使……干净”的意思,clean还可以用作形容词,意为“干净的”。

    【应用】①The students clean out the campus every morning.学生每天早晨清扫校园。

    ②Have you cleaned up the garden, yet? 你清扫花园了吗?

    ③We must keep our classroom clean and tidy.我们必须让教室保持干净整洁。

    3.I’ve already put it in the garage.我已经把它放进车库了。

    【注意】①have already put...already用于现在完成时的肯定句中。

    ②put in意为“放进,插入,进入”,与put相关的短语还有:put on穿上,put up举起、抬起,put off推迟、拖延,put down放下、拿下,put away收起来。

    【应用】①We’ve put the tree in the hole.我们已经把树苗放进树坑里了。

    ②They have to put off their plan because of the bad weather.

    由于天气恶劣,他们不得不推迟他们的计划。

    4. Have you turned off your radio? 你关了收音机吗?

    【注意】turn off关掉、关闭

    【点拨】turn off“关掉、关闭”,多指关水源、煤气、电灯、电视等,其反义词组为turn on。close也有“关、关闭”之意,多指关闭门窗、书本、课桌、工厂、商店等,其反义词为open。此外,turn up意为“把(音量……)调高、调大”;turn down“把(音量……)调低、调小”。

    【应用】①Please turn off the TV. There is nobody watching it.

    请把电视关掉,没人看。

    ②His radio is too noisy. Please ask him to turn it down.

    他的收音机太吵了,请叫他把音量调低些。

    ③I can’t hear the TV clearly. Please turn it up.

    我听不清电视的声音,请把音量调大点。

    ④There’s something important, please turn on the TV.

    有重要新闻,请打开收音机。

    5. I have so many chores to do today.今天,我有如此多的事情要做。

    【注意】so many chores to do如此多的事情要做

    【点拨】(1)so和such的区别

    so意为“如此、这样”,是程度副词,用来修饰形容词或副词。

    such意为“如此的、这样的”,是形容词,用来修饰名词。

    此外,many, much, few, little前只能用so,不用such。

    (2)chore,job和work

    这三个词都有“工作”之意。chore多指“琐碎的事情、杂活”,是可数名词;job多指“具体的工作或职业”,也是可数名词;而work指普通意义的工作,多用作不可数名词。

    【应用】①I’ve never seen such an exciting match before.

    = I’ve never seen so exciting a match before.

    我以前从来没有观看过如此精彩的比赛。

    ②I have so much homework to do.

    我有如此多的家庭作业要做。

    ③I want to get a good job when I grow up.

    长大后,我想找一份好工作。

    ④Mrs Green is busy with lots of chores at home every day.

    格林太太每天在家忙于许多琐碎的家务事。

    6. He started telling me about all of the chores he had to do when he was a kid.

    他开始对我讲述他小时候必须做的各种杂活。

    【注意】①start和begin

    ②tell sb about...告诉某人有关……

    ③he had to do是定语从句,修饰先行词chores。

    ④when he was a kid“当他是个孩子的时候”,是时间状语从句。

    【点拨】begin和start都有“开始”的意思。begin是最常用的词,用法较广。在很多情况下,能代替start。可作及物动词和不及物动词。作及物动词时,后可接不定式,也可接动名词,通常无多大区别。start作“开始”解时,用法与begin相同。但start的含义比begin广得多,它可表示“出发、动身”“发动”等意思。

    【应用】①After lunch, it began to rain.午饭后,天开始下起雨来。

    ②I began getting ready for the test.我开始为考试做准备。

    ③Can you show me how to start the computer?你能教我怎样启动电脑吗?

    7.He had to get up at 5 am and chop wood and light the fire for breakfast.

    他必须五点钟就起床,然后砍柴生火做早饭。

    【注意】①chop wood砍柴,chop动词,意为“砍、劈”。

    ②light the fire点火、生火,此处light为动词,意为“点燃、点着”。light可用作名词,意为“光、光线”(不可数),“灯、电灯”(可数),light还可作形容词,意为“轻的、淡的、浅的”。

    【应用】①Don’t light a fire in forests.不要在森林里点火。

    ②I can’t see it clearly because of the poor light.由于光线暗,我看不清。

    ③Is an elephant light or heavy? 大象重还是轻?

    8.He and his family lived on the farm.他和他的家人生活在农场上。

    【注意】①live on the farm生活在农场上。farm名词,“农场、农庄”;farmer名词,“农民”。

    ②live动词,“生活、居住”之意,构成词组live in some place生活在某地,但有时用介词on或at。

    【应用】①He lives in a tall building of Beijing.他住在北京的一幢高楼里。

    ②Jim lives on the second floor of the building.吉姆住在这幢房子的二层楼上。

    ③Mr Liu lives at No.8 of East street.刘先生住在东街八号。

    ④We often pick apples on the farm.我们经常在农场摘苹果。

 

延续性动词和非延续性动词

  1.延续性动词

  延续性动词表示行为或过程能持久地继续下去或能产生持久的影响。这类动词有:contain,have,hold, lie,live,make,sit,rain,sleep,stand,study,wait, wear,work等。此外,表示状态、感情、思维等动词,如:believe,consider,hate,hope,know,like,love,respect,think,understand,wish等也属延续性动词。要表示状态和延续性动作时必须要用延续性动词。如:

  错:This book has been put on the desk for a week.

  对:This book has been lying on the desk for a week.

  这本书已经在桌子上放一个星期了。

  错:Men put on suits when they attend meetings.

  对:Men wear suits when they attend meetings.

  男人在开会的时候穿西装。

  2.非延续性动词

  非延续性动词表示行为或过程是短暂的或瞬时间完成的。这类动词有add,admit,answer,arrive,ask, attack,begin,break,bring,buy,catch,close,come, die,discover,fall,do,leave,open,put on,sell, start,stay,stop,return,take off等。要表示非延续性动作时必须用非延续性动词,不可用延续性动词。如:

  错:When did she know my e-mall address?

  对:When did she get to know my e-maail address?

  她什么时候知道我的e-mail地址?

  ●延续性动词如果要表示瞬时的动作,则需借助come, begin,get等一时性动词。如:

  ①How did you come to know it?你怎么知道这件事的?

  ②After lunch it began to rain.午饭后天下起雨来。

  ③ I can't get used to the wet weather.我不能习惯于这潮湿的天气。

  3.延续性动词和一时性动词与时态的关系

  1)一时性动词常与表示一点的时间状语连用,如yesterday,last week,at five o'clock,in the winter,in 2000,today,tomorrow等;而延续性动词常与表示一段时间的状语连用,如always,all day long,for four years,for the spring,since leaving school,until April 等。特别是for,since和until(till)三个可以引出一个表示时间的状语,常与连续性动词在一起。

  错:He went away for a long time.

  对:He went away a long time ago.(go away是一时性动作)

  他已经走了很长时间了。

  错:She has worked hard a year ago.

  对:She has worked hard for a year. (work是延续性动词)

  她一年来一直努力工作。

  2)一时性动词用于否定句,这时可以和表示一段时间的状语连用,因此动作没有发生的否定状态是可以延续的。

  错:I opened the window for a week.

  对:I didn't open the window for a week.

  我一个星期没开窗了。

  错:He arrived until the film had begun.

  对:He didn't arrive until the film had begun.

  他直到电影开始才到。

  3)一时性动词如果用来表示行为的结果,则需用完成时态或完成进行时态,但在肯定句中不可由since,for等引起的表示一段时间的状语连用,不过可与表示笼统时间的状语连用。

  错:I have had a new skirt for two weeks.

  对:I have just bought a new skirt.

  我刚刚买了一条新裙子。

  对:I have had a new skirt for two weeks.

  这条新裙子我已买了两个星期。

  对:He has come to study Chinese.

  他来学汉语。

  错:He has come to study Chinese for half a year.

  对:He has been here to study Chinese for half a year.他来这里学汉语已经半年了。

  4)一时性动词一般不能用于进行时或完成进行时。

  错:She has been putting on a hat.

  对:She has put on a hat.

  她已戴上帽子。

  错:The car has been stopping.

  对:The car has stopped.

  车已经停了。

  ●一时性动词如果用于进行时、完成时和完成进行时并与表示一段时间的状语连用,则表示一个习惯性或反复性的动作。如:

  ①The little boy is jumping up and down for several minutes.小男孩上下跳了好几分钟。(反复性动作)

  ②I have met him every day on the same bus for a year.这一年我在同一辆公交车上每天遇见他。(习惯性动作)

  ●一时性动作用于进行时还可以表示一个将来的动作。如:

  ③The train is leaving.火车就要出站了。

  ④The train is arriving.火车就要进站了。

  ⑤The spring is coming.春天就要来了。

  ⑥We're going home.我们要回家了。

  5)延续性动词可以用于各种时态,表示动作的各种不同的延续。如果这类动词用于一般时,完成时和完成进行时等,可以与一段时间的状语连用。如:

  ①We will stay in Dalian for the whole summer.我们一夏天将留在大连。(一般时)

  ②What are you doing? I'm doing some dishes. 你在干什么?我在洗碗。(进行时)

  ③ They have been watching TV for the whole evening. 他们整晚上一直在看电视。(完成进行时)

  6)表示状态、思维、感情等的动词与其他的延续性动词的用法不同,它们一般不可用于进行时。

  错:I'm liking his ideas.

  对:I like his ideas.

  我喜欢他的主意。

  错:I was understanding what he said.

  对:I understood what he said.

  我理解他说的话。

  ●表示状态、感情、思维的动词如用进行时则不表示正在“进行”,而表示即将发生的动作;表示感情和强调情况的暂时性;表示一时的表现。如:

  ①She is having a holiday next Sunday. 她下个星期天度假。(即将动作)

  ②How are you feeling today?你今天感觉怎样?(亲切感情)

  ③You are being a good child today.你今天是个乖孩子。(一时表现)

 

单元小结

  本单元是就如何谈论现在的事件为主线,重点强调现在完成时态与现在的关系,现在完成时态与副词的关系,尤其是already和yet的用法。本单元还学了一些常用的词语和习惯性用法,在复习现在完成时的基础上,还介绍了一般将来时,特别是部分行为动词能用进行时态替将来时。本单元介绍了“New Ocean Waves”乐队及他们的成长历程和风格。此外还述说了海外华人如何追根寻源,表达的海外华人对祖国的怀念。在两篇介绍文章中出现了大量的定语从句,这样就要求我们熟练掌握定语从句的构成及用法。本单元还学了一些同义或近义的词语,如:through, across, past; because, because of等。

  知识网络建构

  进行时态表示其他意义

  1)运动动词go, come, drive, fly, travel, arrive, leave, start, set off及表示位置的动词stay, remain等的进行时态可表示将来,通常指没有确定安排的决定或计划。

  【例】(1)He is coming to New Jersey. 他打算到新泽西州来。

  (2)They are not going back to work until they get a rise. 他们要到加了薪水才复工。

  注:现在这一使用范围已扩大到别的一些动词。表示最近将来的确定安排,但往往有一个表示未来的时间状语。

  【例】(1)I’m seeing my guest off at the station tomorrow. 明天我要到车站为客人送行。

  (2)The court is hearing evidence this afternoon. 法庭今天下午听取证词。

  2)频度副词always, constantly, continually, forever等和进行时态连用时,给现在或过去的动作披上一层感情色彩,并不强调动作正在进行。

  【例】(1)He is forever boasting. 他老爱说大话。(表示讨厌、不满、带有埋怨情绪,指责某人一贯表现)

  (2)You are always doing well. 你总是干得不错。(表示赞许、高兴、带夸奖口吻,称赞对方一贯表现)

  3)某些瞬间动词hit, jump, kick, knock, see等的进行时可表示动作的重复。

  【例】(1)The child was jumping with joy. 这孩子高兴得直跳。

  (2)I’m seeing a lot of Joan at the library. 我常在图书馆看见琼。

  4)用hope, find, want, wonder等的进行时态是一种婉转的说话语气,如是过去进行时形式则更显得客气、委婉。

  【例】(1)We are hoping you will get well soon. 我们希望你很快康复。

  (2)What were you wanting? 您想要点什么吗?

  在问到一段时间怎么度过,过去进行时要比一般过去时有礼貌。

  【例】 What were you doing before you came here? 你来这儿之前做些什么工作?(这比What did you do…?听起来更有礼貌)

  5)某些心态动词或情态动词的进行时表示“几乎”、“差一点”等含义,相当于nearly do/be on the point of doing…。

  【例】(1)I’m forgetting(=nearly forget) that I promised to take you to Shanghai. 我差一点忘了我曾答应过要带你去上海的。

  (2)He was believing what the cheat said. 他差一点听信了那个骗子的话。

  6)进行时还可以表示动作的暂时性,并不是说话时在进行的动作。

  【例】My watch is working perfectly. 我的表走得很准。(强调手表目前走得准,如果是说:My watch works perfectly. 在于说明手表走得准这一优点)

  状态动词be的进行时态(be being)后面接行为形容词,如brave, careful, stupid, clever,

  foolish, polite, kind和shy等时为主语所表现的非一贯性特点或故意的行为。

  【例】(1)You are being very clever today. 你今天表现得很聪明。(表明这是例外)

  (2)He is being polite. 他装模作样地客气起来了。(故意行为)

  7)进行时态可以表示动作发展的过程,可接时间状语从句,但不接具体时间状语。

  【例】(1)The wind was rising. 起风了。

  (2)I think the cat’s going mad. 我想那只猫发疯了。

  8)在一定场合和语气中,进行时态有否定意义。

  【例】(1)You are telling me. 这事不用你说。(我早就知道了)

  (2)You are wasting time! 别浪费时间了!(不耐烦了)

  9)过去完成时还可表示到过去某段时间为止刚刚开始的动作。

  【例】 By the time he was ten, Edison was already doing his experiment in Chemistry. 爱迪生十岁时,已经开始做化学实验了。

  10)用于描绘文字中,展现出生动的景象,或用来描述故事发生的背景,此时须用过去进行时并和一般过去时(仅为叙述)连用。

  【例】 One car after another is spending by on the freeway. 在高速公路上车子穿梭般地一辆接一辆飞驰而过。

 

现在完成时的“完成用法”和“未完成用法”

  1.现在完成时的"完成用法"

  现在完成时的"完成用法"指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束,但该动作对现在产生了影响,与现在情况具有因果关系。

  例如:He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。(动作结束于过去,但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。)

  现在完成时"完成用法"的特点是动作不延续,因此,该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如:already,yet,before,recently等)、频度时间状语(如:never,ever,once等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如:this morning / month /year...,today等)连用。

  例如: Have you found your pen yet?你已找到你的钢笔了吗?

  2.现在完成时的"未完成用法"

  现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,或可能还要继续下去。

  例如:He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来,他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1978年,一直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。)

  I have been in the army for more than 5 years.我在部队已经呆了五年多了。(动作开始于5年前,一直延续至今,有可能还要继续下去。)

  此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由since或for引导),或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语(如:up to now,so far)等。

  例如:I have heard nothing from him up to now.到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。

  注意:(1)现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词,不可用于终止性动词,即瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词。如:come,go,arrive,leave,join,become,die等。

  (2)现在完成时常见两种句型:

  ①主语+have / has been+for短语

  ②It is+一段时间+ since从句

  例如:He has been in the League for three years.或It is three years since he joined the League. 他入团已三年了。

疑难解析

  We are leaving in an hour. 我们一小时后动身。

  本句是进行时态表示将来,表示即将发生的动作或计划好的活动以及表示逐渐变化都可用进行时态表示将来。表示将来的一段时间之后用介词in,而不是after。

  【例】(1)Are you staying with us this weekend? 这个周末和我们一起过吗?

  (2)He is dying. 他快死了。

  (3)Our teacher will visit England in a month. 我们的老师一个月后访问英国。

  So far, it has brought thousands of…. 迄今为止已经带动成千上万的……。

  so far= up to now=by now“到目前为止”常与现在完成时连用。

  【例】 (1)So far, no man has travelled farther than the moon. 到目前为止还没有人到过比月球远的地方。

  (2)I’ve written two thirds of this book so far. 到目前为止,我已完成这本书的三分之二了。

  (3)The weather has been very hot so far this summer. 今年夏天到现在为止,一直很热。

  They walk through the countryside. 他们走过了乡村。

  through“穿过,通过”,有从空间或物体中间通过之意。across“横过”,有从物体表面通过之意。past“经过、路过”。

  【例】(1)He swam across the river the day before yesterday. 他前天游过了这条河。

  (2)We walked past a bookstore. 我们路过了一家书店。

  (3)A little girl was walking through a forest. 一个小女孩在穿过森林。

 知识点1  Have you packed yet? 你已经装好了吗?

    【讲解】这是现在完成时的一般疑问句,现在完成时由“助动词have(has)+过去分词”构成。

    现在完成时的用法

用法

例句

表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

—Have you had your lunch yet?

—Yes, I have. l’ve just had it.

(现在我不饿了。)

I have already posted the photos.

(这些照片已不在我这里了。)

表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的一段时间的状语连用。表示持续动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词。

I haven’t seen her three days.

I’ve known Li Lei for three years.

I’ve been at this school for over two years.

They have lived here since 1996.

How long have you worked in this library?

She has taught us since I came to this school.

现在完成时可以和already, never, ever, just, before, yet等状语连用。或与for, since等短语和状语从句连用。

Have you ever eaten fish and chips?

I’ve just lost my science book.

I’ve never been to that farm before.

I haven’t learned the word yet.

    【例1】单项选择

    (1)I want to get another book, I____this one.

A.read

B.am reading

C.have read

D.was reading

    (2)I____a music book from the library two weeks ago.

A.lent

B.have lent

C.borrowed

D.have borrowed

    (3)—______ you____the cat?  —Yes, I have.

         —When____you____it?   —Ten minutes ago.

A.Did feed; did feed

B.Have fed; have fed

C.Did feed; have fed

D.Have fed; did feed

    (4)—Haven’t you turned off the radio?

         —___,but I’ll go back to turn it off.

A.Yes; I have

B.No; I haven’t.

C.Yes; I haven’t.

D.No; I have.

    【解答】(1)答案为:C。根据句意理解为这本已读完,因此才需要另一本。

    (2)有词组two weeks ago,因此答案为C。borrow sth.from sb.从……借进。

    (3)根据上下文,选择答案为D。

    (4)无论怎样问,答语前后必须一致,即肯定回答必须说Yes, sb. have/has.

    否定回答必须说No, sb. haven’t/hasn’t.

    其中的sb. 多根据句意用对应的人称代词,再联系下文“我将回去关掉它”知道“没有关掉收音机”因此答案为:B。

    归纳延伸:

    现在完成时中几个时间状语词汇用法区别:

    already, yet, still, never, ever just等词常用于现在完成时态中,already一般用于肯定句中,用于疑问句中常表示惊讶的语气。如:

    He has already watered the plants.他已经给植物浇水了。

    yet常用于否定或疑问句中,意为——“尚未,还,已给”。如:

    Have you had your lunch yet? 你已经吃过午饭了吗?

    never一般表否定意义,意为“从未”。如:

    I have never read such an interesting story.我从未读过如此有趣的故事。

    still一般用于肯定句或疑问句中,意为“还”“仍旧”。如:

    He has still worked here.他仍在这儿工作。

    ever一般用于疑问句中,意为“曾经”。如:

    Have you ever seen the film before? 你曾经看过这部电影吗?

    just一般用于肯定句中,意为“刚刚”,如:Mary has just gone away.玛丽刚刚走的。

    1c  PAIRWORK

    Make conversations.Use the information from activity 1b. 编对话。使用活动1b中的信息。

    A: Have you watered the plants yet? 你给植物浇水了吗?

    B: Yes.  I have already watered them.浇了,我已给它们浇了水。

    知识点2  —Have you watered the plants yet? 你给植物浇水了吗?

             —Yes,I have already watered them.浇了,我已给它们浇了水。

   【讲解】(1)water一般作不可数名词,意为“水”,但以上两句中的water均为动词,意为“给……浇水”。如:

    We should water the young trees well after they are planted. 栽完树苗后,我们应该给它们好好浇水。

    (2)already与yet是同义词,但用法有区别:already用于肯定句,yet用于否定句及疑问句。但若在否定句及疑问句中用yet,则表示“惊讶”“意外”之意,如:

    The train had already left when I reached the station.我到达车站时,火车已经开走了。

    I haven’t finished my homework yet.我还没有做完家庭作业。

    【例2】说出下列句中water的用法。

    (1)Could you please pass me the glass of water?

    (2)They have watered the flowers.

    【解答】(1)在本句中,water是名词,意思为“水”。整个句子的意思为“你把那杯水递给我,好吗?”(2)本句中的water是动词,意思为“给……浇水”。整个句子的意思为“他们早已给花浇水了”。

        2a  Listen.Who said each thing? Write“M”for Mark or“T”for Tina. 听录音。下列每件事情是谁说的?是Mark说的标上“M”,是Tina说的标上“T”。

    听力材料:

    Boy: Mom and Dad said they want to leave in ten minutes. Are you ready,Tina?

    Girl: No. I haven’ t cleaned out the refrigerator yet. I have to do that right now.

    Boy: Tina! You’re unbelievable. What about your bike?

    Girl: I’ve already put it in the garage. But I haven’t locked the garage yet.That’s your job, Mark.

    Boy: I know. I’ve already done most of my jobs. I’ve taken out the trash.

    Girl: Have you fed the cat yet?

    Boy: Not yet. I’ll do it in a minute. Have you turned off your radio?

    Girl: Yes, I have. I think we’re almost ready.

    参考答案:

    1.T 2.T 3.T 4.M 5.M 6.T

    知识点3  I haven’t cleaned outthe refrigerator yet.我还没有把冰箱弄干净。

    【讲解】词组clean out意为“清除干净”,是由“动词+副词out”构成的词组。如:

    It’s time for you to clean outthe room.现在该是你打扫房间的时候了。

    We’d better clean outthe busthis week.本周我们最好把公共汽车彻底清扫一遍。

    提示

    冰箱refrigerator

    fridge(英口语)

    icebox(美口语)

    【例3】词语释义

    Your bedroom is so dirty. Why haven’t you made it clean?

A.clean it

B.cleaned it up

C.cleaned out it

D.cleaned it out

    【解答】make it clean意为“将它打扫干净”,与clean it out最接近,结合时态故答案为D。

    你知道吗?我们目前还学过以下也是由“动词+副词out”构成的词组:go out 出去,come out出去;(花儿等)绽放,run out用完,find out找出、查明(真相等),handout分发,giveout散发。

    2b  Listen again and match each question below with an answer fromactivity 2a.重新听遍录音,将下面的每个问题与活动2a中的回答联系起来。

    参考答案:

    5 2 1 6

    2c  PAIRWORK

    Use the information in activities 2a and 2b to role play a conversation.用活动2a和2b中的信息分角色表演一段对话。

    Grammar Focus语法重点

Have you watered the pbmts yet? 你给植物浇水敢吗?

No. I haven’t. 没有。

Have you packed the camera yet? 你带了相机吗?

Yes. I’ve already put it in my suitcase. 带了。我已把它装到我的手提箱里了。

Have you fed the cat? 你给猫喂食了吗?

No. I havent fed her yet. 没有。我还没有给它喂食。

    3a  Read the e—mail message and underline the different chores.读这封电子邮件,在不同的事情下画横线。

    参考答案:

1.do my homework

2.take the dog for a walk

3.water my mom’s plants

4.do some shopping

5.chop wood

6.light the fire

7.collect water

8.feed the animals

    知识点4  He had to get up at 5 am and chop wood and light the fire for breakfast.他必须在早上五点钟起床,然后劈柴、生火、做早饭。

    【讲解】(1)wood在本句中为不可数名词,意为“木柴”,wood还可作可数名词,意为“森林,树林”。如:

    She got lost in the woods.她在森林中迷路了。

    Put some more wood on the fire.在炉火上多放些柴。

    (2)light在本句意为“点燃,点火”是动词。其过去式、过去分词既可写成lighted,也可写成lit。其余用法还有:

    ①可数名词,(火柴、打火机等的)火,如:

    Can you give me a light? 能借个火吗?

    ②不可数名词,“光;光线,光亮”,如:

    Lighttravels faster than sound. 光的速度比声音快。

    ③形容词,“轻的(与heavy相反);浅色的(与dark相反)”,如:

    She is the lightest of us all.她在我们当中体重最轻。

    Lucy prefers light green.露西比较喜欢浅绿色。

    【例4】同义句转换。

    The bag isn’t light enough for Lucy to carry.

    The bag is____________for Lucy to carry.

    【解答】根据句意可知原句中light意为“轻”,not light即“重”,故答案为too heavy。

    知识点5  Then he had to collect waterfrom the village well.然后他必须去村子里的水井打水。

    【讲解】well在本句中意为“水井”,另外还可用作副词“好”和形容词“身体好”等。如:

    He did his job very well.他把工作干得很好。(副词)

    I don’t feel well this morning.我今天早上感觉不太舒服。(形容词)

    【例5】用词的适当形式填空。

    The______(well)boy does______(well)in drawing.He will do ______(well)next year.

    【解答】根据题意可知well在这里作副词“好”讲,其形容词形式为good,其比较级最高级分别为better, best。答案为:good, well, better。

 课时作业

    Ⅰ.单项选择

(     )1.Wei Hua____all the housework since her mother was ill.

 

A.does

B.did

C.has clone

D.is doing

 

(    )2.Our English teacher has taught in our school______.

 

A.10 years ago

B.for 10 years

C.since 10 years

D.10 years long

 

(    )3.He______to Wuhan in 1990 and______there for 15 years.

 

A.went, has been

B.has been, has gone

C.has gone, has been

D.went, has gone

 

(    )4.Zhang Hong______the dictionary for a week.

 

A.has bought

B.has had

C.had had

D.bought

 

(    )5.You______ that question five times.

 

A.already asked

B.have already asked

C.already have asked

D.asked already

 

(    )6.Mr Hum has lived in Hangzhou______ 1997.

 

A.since

B.from

C.after

D.in

 

(    )7.The film______ for 30 minutes.

 

A.began

B.has begun

C.has on

D.has been on

 

(    )8.—Have you cleaned your room?

    —Yes, I______it twenty minutes ago.

 

A.cleaned

B.have cleaned

C.cleans

D.will clean

 

(    )9.John’s been to Japan, ______he?

 

A.is

B.isn’t

C.has

D.hasn’t

 

(    ) 10.I haven’t______to them______.

 

A.written, in 1990

B.written, last week

C.wrote, yesterday

D.written, this month

 

    Ⅱ.选择合适的选项完成句子,其中有两项为多余。

    J: My boss told me not to go to work again.

    S:  1  Why?

    J:I don’t know. When he told me that, I was so confused.

    S:Were you usually late for work?

    J:  2

    S:  3  when you did your work?

    J: Sometimes.

    S:How often did you look at your watch?

    J:  4  

    S:Could you make use of a computer?

    J:No,I can only use a type writer.

    S:Well. I think I know the reason. You could not make good use of your time. You did not play things well,  5

    J: I see. I think I must work harder and learn to use a computer soon.

 

A.I have no idea.

B.Every fifteen minutes.

C.I can't believe it.

D.Well, I often was.

E.Did you keep quiet?

F.You did not learn new things.

G.Did you think about other things?

 

 

    答案点拨

    Ⅰ.1.C(与since her mother was ill连用的,应用现在完成时)

    2.B(与现在完成时连用的介词for后接表一段时间的短语,since后接表示过去的短语或名词)

    3.A(与in 1990连用的应用一般过去时;与for 15 years连用的应用现在完成时)

    4.B(短暂性动词buy与for a week连用时应换成have)

    5.B(副词already置于系/助/情态动词之后,实义动词之前)

    6.A(现在完成时中,要用since与表过去某一时间的词(组)连用)

    7.D(同4题,短暂性动词begin应换成表状态的词组be on)

    8.A(twenty minutes ago表过去,应用一般过去时与其连用)

    9.D(根据前半句可知此句用的是现在完成时,反意疑问句前肯后否)

    10.D(根据A、B、C答案后一空可排除此三项)

    Ⅱ.1.C 2.D 3.G 4.B 5.F

 

    知识点1  Don’t miss the New Ocean Waves.不要错过新海浪。

    【讲解】(1)miss(v.)错过,未赶上,未出席。如:

    He missed the 9:30 train.他没赶上9点30分的火车。

    (2)miss(v.)在具体的语境中可译为:没听懂,没看见,解释为:failto see/hear/understand如:

    I’m sorry I missed what you said. 对不起,我没听见你说的话。

    (3)miss(v.)想念

    I miss my parents very much.我非常想念我的父母。

    注意:字母m大写的Miss是对未婚女士的称呼“小姐“。

    【例1】同义句转换。

    (1)Hurry up,or you can’t catch the early bus.

    ______you______hurry up, you______ ______the early bus.

    (2)I’m sorry I can’t understand what you said.

    Pardon? I______ ______ ______

    【解答】(1)答案为:If don’t, will miss(2)答案为:missed your words

    知识点2  One of the best bands on the music scene is the New Ocean Waves.新海浪乐队是乐坛上最棒的乐队之一。

    【讲解】(1)句中“on...scene”意为“在……领域”。如:Do you know what is new on the pop scene? 你知道流行乐坛有什么新玩意吗?

    (2)本句为倒装句,其正常句序为:The New Ocean Waves is one of the bestbands on the music scene.如:

    One of the China’s first three astronauts is Yang Liwei.杨利伟是中国首批三名宇航员之一。

    该句还可说成:Yang Liwei is one of the China’s first three astronauts.

    知识点3  ...they’ve had three najor concerts and made a hit CD.……他们已举办了3场大型音乐会并出了一张轰动的CD。

    【讲解】(1)hit在本句中是名词,意思是“红极一时的人或物”“成功”如:hit songs/records流行歌曲/流行唱片Her new film is quite a hit.她的新影片十分成功。

    (2)hit还可用于名词或动词,意为“击打,碰撞”。如:He made a hit at the man’s face,but missed.他朝那人的脸上一击,但未击中。That black car hit the wall.那辆黑色的小汽车撞到了墙上。

    【例2】汉译英

    (1)他努力工作,终于大获成功。

    ______________________________________________________

    (2)他用石头打狗。

    ______________________________________________________

    (3)他射击5次,命中四次。

    ______________________________________________________

    【解答】(1)He worked hard,at last he made a hit.(2)He hit the dog with a stone.(3)He hit four in five shots.

    知识点4  Be sure not to miss them if they come to the city near you.如果他们来到你附近的城市,千万不要错过。

    【讲解】词组be/make sure(not)to do sth.意为“确保(不)做某事”。如:Be sure to come here on time tomorrow, please.请务必明天准时赶到这儿。

    其他有关sure的句型及用法有:

    ·be sure of/about+名词,如:

    He is sure of success.他深信自己会成功。

    I’m really sure about it.对于这件事我确实有把握。

    ·be/make sure+(that)从句,如:

    We are sure(that)he is innocent.我们确信他是无辜的。

    ·be/make sure+wh—从句,如:

    The old man didn’t seem to be sure when and where he had met me.那个老人似乎无法确定他曾在何时何地见过我。

    【例3】单项选择

    (1)You should ______ the time and place before you meet your friend.

A.be sure

B.be sure of

C.make sure

D.make sure of

    (2)All of us believe that he is sure____ninety.

A.of living

B.to live

C.about live

D.live

    【解答】(1)根据句意,填上的词意应理解为“弄清楚”,所以答案为:D

    (2)此题涉及到be sure of/about与be sure to之间的区别be sure of/about意为某人对某事深信不疑,自己能确信。

    be sure to do sth.意为别人对此深信不疑,而这题应该译为:“我们都相信他一定会活到90岁”。因此答案为B。如:

    He is sure of living ninety.应译为:他自信能活到90岁。

    拓展归纳:

    常用词组make sure查清楚,弄确实。如:

    Make sure the light is turned off when you leave.确保在你离开时灯已关掉。

    as sure as...的的确确是(用以加强语气)。如:

    That’s the truth, as sure as I’m standing here.那是真的,就像我现在站在这里一样千真万确。

    知识点5  We’ve had a few songs in the top ten.我们已经有几首歌曲进入前10名。

    【讲解】top(adj.)意为highest/best最高/好的。如:top ten前十名the top floor最顶层the top student最好的学生top(n.)项部,上部。如:

    at the top of the hill山顶

    Mary was first to reach the top.玛丽是第一个到顶端的。

    【例4】汉译英

    (1)费雷德是全班第一。

    _________________________________________________

    (2)山顶笼罩在雾霭中。

    _________________________________________________

    【解答】(1)Fred is(the)top of the class.(2)The mountain tops were hidden in mist.

    知识点6  ...but we really hope to have a number one hit some day.……但我们非常渴望有朝一日我们有一首排行首位的歌曲。

    【讲解】(1)hope与wish

    ①都可用作名词,意为“希望”。如:While there is life,there is hope.留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。Please send my best wishes to your family.请代我问侯你的家人。

    ②下列情况下,二者可互换:

    

    I wish/hope to go to Hawaii someday.我希望有一天能到夏威夷去。

新目标英语九年级 新目标英语九年级Unit 14 重难点解析

    I wish I could fly.我希望我会飞。

    She hopes(that)I will pass the examination.她希望我能通过考试。

    ③下列情况下,只用wish,不用hope。

    
    I wish you a happy birthday.祝你生日快乐。

    He wishes me to have a happy day every day.他希望我天天开心。

    (2)someday意为“(将来)某一天”,合成词,也可写成some day。表示过去的“有一天”时,常用one day,the other day等。

    【例5】汉译英

    (1)我希望明天是好天气

    _____________________________________________________________

    (2)我想见你的老师。

    _____________________________________________________________

    (3)祝你新年快乐。

    _____________________________________________________________

    【解答】(1)I hope it will be fine tomorrow.(2)I wish/hope to see your teacher.(3)I wish you a happy New Year.

    3b  Complete this review of Apple lce Cream.You can use the information from activity 2b.完成这篇对Apple Ice Cream的复述。你可以使用活动2b中的信息。

    参考答案:

 Ⅱ.书面表达

    假如你在今年暑假去了一次海南,现在根据下面的要求和提示,向你的好朋友Mary写一封E—mail告诉她你的海南之行。

    1.内容要求:

    (1)参观了许多名胜

    (2)一次海南之行

    (3)参考词

    last Summer, parents, take, by air, places of interest, beach, see, on leave(休假), sit in the sun(日光浴), run after and play, swim, waves, beat lightly, can’t help doing (情不自禁) , jump into, lose oneself in, view(风景), have a wonderful/great time

Hi, Mary,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

    答案点拨

    Ⅰ.1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.D

    Ⅱ.书面表达

    Last Summer my parents took me to Hainan for holidays. We got there by air.We had a nice holiday. We visited lots of places of interest — Haikou, Sanya, Tianya Haijiao and so on. One day we went to the beach and I saw many people on it.Some were sitting in the sun. Some were running after each other and playing. Some were swimming in the sea. The waves beat the beach lightly. I couldn’t help jumping into the water and losing myself in such beautiful views.

    What a wonderful holiday! I had a great time there!

 

Unit 14 Have you packed yet?
新题型新导向

【例1】根据汉语完成句子。

晚秋了,落叶遍地。

It’s late autumn. The ground _____ _____ with fallen leaves.

(2003年无锡市中考题)

解析 答案:is covered be covered with是个词组,意思是“被……所覆盖”,是被动结构。

【例2】 After finishing your paper, look it over to _____ there are no mistakes.

A. find out

B. try out

C. make sure

D. think about

(2003年黑龙江省中考题)

解析 答案:C make sure 的意思是“务必,确保,确认”,后跟从句,that可省略,也可跟动词不定式,句型make sure to do sth. 。

【例3】区别expect, hope和wish的用法。

1)expect表示“期待,盼望,预期”。

【例】 (1)I expect him every minute. 我每时每刻都盼望着他。

(2)Are you expecting a letter from home? 你在期盼家乡的来信吗?

(3)They won the match just as I expected. 他们就像我预料的那样赢得了这场比赛。

(4)I expect that I shall be back on Sunday. 我预期星期天回来。

2)hope 侧重于考虑,并相信有可能达到或实现的愿望。hope后面不能接名词或代词作宾语,可接从句或动词不定式。

【例】

(1)I hope to see you again. 我希望再次见到你。

(2)I hope you will have a good journey home. 我希望你回家的旅途愉快。

(3)I hope so. 但愿如此。

(4)Hope for the best, prepare for the worst. 作最好的打算,作最坏的准备。

3)wish, 常接名词、代词或不定式作宾语。后面接宾语从句时,从句用过去时或过去完成时,用来表示不能实现的愿望。wish也可用于祝贺语中。

【例】(1)We wish to visit the Great Wall. 我希望能参观长城。

(2)I wish you good health. 我希望你健康。

(3)He wishes them to come to dinner. 他希望他们能来赴宴。

(4)Best wishes for your birthday. 给你生日最好的祝愿。

(5)I wish I were a bird. 我巴不得是一只鸟。

(6)I wish I had bought the house. 我恨不得买下这座房子。

【例4】as的用法。

1)作连词表示程度相同时用as…as, 表示程度不相同时用not as/so…as。

【例】(1)The cloth is as white as snow. 布像雪一样白。

(2)He ran as fast as possible. 他尽可能快地跑。

(3)He isn’t as friendly as you think. 他不像你想像的那样友好。

(4)He can’t sing so well as his sister. 他唱得不如他妹妹好。

2)作连词时意为“如同,像,按照。”

【例】(1)I work as others do. 我跟别人一样工作。

(2)I remember it as it happened yesterday. 我一想起这事,仿佛就像昨天发生的一样。

(3)Do as I told you. 照我说的做。

3)作连词时意为“一面……一面”,相当于while, when。

【例】(1)He came up as I was speaking. 我正要说话,他过来了。

(2)The dogs would go with him in his car every day as he went to the farms to heal sick animals. 当每天他坐着车去农场给动物治病的时候,狗总是愿意和他一起去。

(3)She sang as she walked. 她边走边唱。

4)作连词时意为“因为”,但比because, for语气轻。

【例】(1)As he loved animals, he continued his education. 由于喜欢动物,所以他继续他的学业。

(2)Everyone likes him as he is kind and honest. 由于他善良诚实,所以人人喜欢他。

5)作介词时,表示“作为,当作”。

【例】(1)They had their pets as their family members. 他们把宠物当作家庭成员。

(2)English is used as a communication tool. 英语被当作一种交际工具使用。

 

Unit 14 Have you packed yet?

点拨重点难点

1.现在完成时与几个副词的关系;延续性动词与非延续性动词和时间状语的关系。

2.本单元中出现的常用词及短语,如:water, light, last, appear, search和clean out, turn off等的用法。

3.yet与already, so far以及because of与because的用法。

4.Talk about recent events的表达方式及句型。

5.海外华人寻根的经历及感受。

新课标新中考

1.本单元固定的词组以及同义、近义词,如because与 because of; through, across与past等用法。

2.现在完成时与时间状语,尤其是一些副词的用法与搭配关系。

3.hardly, so far等在中考中会出现。

4.定语从句及其引导词。

5.海外华人寻根的历程及其意义。

 

词汇及交际用语

  1.suit n.请求,求婚,起诉,一套衣服。它可作及物或不及物动词用,意思是“适合,中……的意,(使)配合,(使)适应,相称,彼此协调”等。

  【例】(1)The government granted the minority group’s suit for autonomy. 政府批准了这一少数民族申请自治的请求。

  (2)Mr Li has been pressing his suit with Miss Wang. 李先生一直在向王小姐求婚。

  (3)John brought a suit in the local court against his boss. 约翰在地方法院告了他老板一状。

  (4)Mr Zhang came in the classroom in a new suit. 张老师穿着一套新衣服进了教室。

  (5)The time table suits me very well. 这个时间表对我很合适。

  (6)She is not suited for teaching. 她不适合于教学。

  (7)He failed to suit his action to his word. 他没有做到言行一致。

  (8)His new job suits well with his abilities. 他的新工作与他的能力很相称。

  2.water vt.& vi.浇水,浇灌;流泪,流口水。可作名词用,表示“水,水位,口水,尿”。复数表示“矿泉水,海域,水域”等。

  【例】(1)He often waters the flowers. 他经常浇花。

  (2)His mouth watered at the sight of the pies. 他一看见馅饼口水就流了出来。

  (3)The smoke made her eyes water. 烟熏得她两眼流泪。

  (4)I tried hard to keep my head above water. 我好容易才免于灭顶之灾。

  (5)The battle was fought in Chinese waters. 这次海战是在中国海域进行的。

  (6)She helped the baby to make water. 她把着婴儿小便。

  3.wood [wud] n.作“木材、木头”解时是不可数名词;作“森林、树林”解时是可数名词,且常用复数。

  【例】(1)The students picniced in a nearby woods. 学生们在附近树林里举行野餐。

  (2)The boy’s job was to collect wood while his sister’s was to feed the pigs. 这男孩的任务是打柴,他妹妹的任务是喂猪。

  (3)Nowadays not much furniture is made of wood. 现在已没有多少家具是用木料做的。

  4.light [lait]含义很多,既可作动词用,还可作名词或形容词和副词用,举例说明之。

  【例】(1)He lighted a cigarette. (vt.) 他点了一根香烟。

  (2)Her face lit up at the news.(vi.) 她听到这消息顿时显出高兴的神色。

  (3)He wrote by the light of a candle. (n.) 他在烛光下写字。

  (4)It’s beginning to get light. (adj.) 天渐渐亮了。

  (5)There was a light rain. (adj.) 下了一场小雨。

  (6)She is light of her feet. (adj.) 她脚步轻快。

  (7)The nurse treads light in the ward. (adv.) 护士在病房里走路脚步轻。

  (8)I lit upon a valuable stamp. (vi.) 我偶然搞到一张珍贵邮票。

  5.last adj.最后的,最近的,最后过去的,紧接前面的,仅余的,极少可能的,最终的,最新式的。可作副词和名词。还可作动词用,表示“持续,维持”。

  【例】(1)The captain was the last to leave. 船长是最后离开船的。

  (2)He has been ill for the last three weeks. 这三个星期他在生病。

  (3)This is our last hope. 这是我们最后的希望了。

  (4)He would be the last man to say such things. 他决不会说这种话。

  (5)I’m to speak last at the meeting. 我将最后一个在会上发言。

  (6)They held on to the last. 他们坚持到最后。

  (7)How long will the fine weather last? 好天气能持续多久?

  (8)This overcoat will last me a lifetime. 这件大衣够我穿一辈子。

  6.appear vi.出现,看来,好像。它的反义词是disappear;名词是appearance,可以表示“外表,外貌”。

  【例】(1)He didn’t appear until six. 他到六点才露面。

  (2)Why does she appear so sad? 她看上去为什么那么忧愁呢?

  (3)The plane disappeared in the cloud. 飞机在云层里消失。

  (4)We don’t know why he made no appearance at the office today. 我们不知道他今天为什么没到办公室来。

  (5)The dog is like a wolf in appearance. 这只狗看上去像只狼。

  7.miss [mis] vi.错过,遗漏,想念,未达到。可作名词用,表示“小姐;失误;避免”。

  【例】(1)She overslept and missed the train. 她睡过头,误了火车。

  (2)Goerge missed the point of my joke. 乔治没明白我那句笑话的意思。

  (3)His mother is missing him terribly. 他母亲十分想念他。

  (4)When she read that text, she missed out a few important words. 她读课文时漏掉了几个重要的词。

  (5)He hit the target three times without a miss. 他三发三中。

  (6)Yours was really a lucky miss. 你这一次真是幸免。

  (7)Miss Margaret Green is our English teacher. 玛格丽特·格林小姐是我们的英语老师。

  8.search vt.& vi.搜查搜索,细看,详细调查,穿过,探究。可作名词用。

  【例】(1)The professor searched a book for a passage worth quoting. 教授在一本书里查找值得引的一段话。

  (2)I searched my memory but can’t recall what he said. 我拼命回忆,可想不起他说了什么。

  (3)The cold wind searched the streets. 寒风吹遍街道的每个角落。

  (4)It took me three days to search our an old classmate in this town. 我花了三天时间才在这镇上找到一位老同学。

  (5)Medical workers are trying to search into the root of SARS. 医学界正在努力探索非典的根源。

  (6)The old woman travelled all the way to this city in search of her long lost son. 那位老妇人大老远地到这个城市来寻找失散已久的儿子。

  9.clear vt.& vi.清除,扫除;穿过,越过;为……结关,净得;消失。它可以作形容词和副词用。

  【例】(1)He cleared the pavement of withered leaves. 他清除了人行道上的落叶。

  (2)The jumper cleared 2.40 metres. 这位跳高选手越过了2.40米。

  (3)They cleared the ship and were ready to start the voyage. 他们为这艘船结了关,准备起航。

  (4)In this deal she cleared ten thousand yuan. 在这笔交易中,她净得一万元。

  (5)The children cleared out as soon as the nurse made her appearance. 老师一出现,孩子们就跑掉了。

  (6)I’m sorry to have failed to make myself clear. 很抱歉,我没把自己的意思讲清楚。

  (7)The students aren’t quite clear about what the teacher meant. 学生们不太清楚老师的意思。

  (8)We have walked three kilometres clear. 我们已经足足步行了三公里。

  交际用语

  1.问某人做过了某事及回答

  Have you packed yet?

  Not yet. I’ll do it in a minute.

  Have you watered the plants yet?

  Yes, I’ve already done that.

  No, I haven’t done it yet.

  2.询问某人的喜好

  What is your favorite band?

  Who is your favorite band member?

现在完成时考点例析

  现在完成时是较难掌握、中考考查较多的时态。涉及的考点有:

  一、考查其构成

  "助动词have (has) +动词过去分词"构成现在完成时。如:

  1. Kate's never seen Chinese films,____ ?

   A. hasn't she B. has she C. isn't she D. is she

  析:陈述句部分含否定词never,简略问句部分要用肯定式,又因Kate's是Kate has的缩写,故选B。

  2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改为否定句)

  His uncle ______ posted the photos to him ______.

  析:already常用在肯定句中,yet常用在否定句、疑问句中,故填hasn't, yet。

  3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai.

   -So ______her parents.

   A. has B. had C. did D. have

  析:"so+助/系/情态动词+主语"结构中的动词形式应与前句结构中动词形式保持一致,又后句的主语为her parents是复数,故选D。

  二、考查其用法与标志词

  (一)当句中有never, ever, just, already, yet, before等时,常用现在完成时。如:

  1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball?

   -______you______ your homework yet?

  A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing

  C. Did; finish D. Have; finished

  2. -______ you ______anywhere before?

   -Yes, but I can't remember where I______

  A. Did; surf; surfed

  B. Have; surfed; surfed

  C. Did; surf; have surfed

  D. Have; surfed; have surfed

  析:据yet和before可知,应用现在完成时,故1题选D,2题选D。

  (二)当句中有"for +段时间"或"since +点时间"等时,主句常用现在完成时,谓语动词必须是延续性动词,若是非延续性动词,要改为延续性动词或表状态的词(短语)。常见的转换情况参见本期第8面的相关内容。如:

  1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice______he came to Yunnan.

  A. after B. before C. since D. for

  析:主句用的是现在完成时,而从句用的是一般过去时,故选C。

  2. Tom______the CD player for two weeks.

   A. has lent B. has borrowed

   C. has bought D. has had

  析:A、B、C均为非延续性动词,在肯定句中不与表"段时间"的短语连用,故选D。

  3. I______a letter from him since he left.

   A. didn't receive B. haven't got C. didn't have D. haven't heard

   析:据since可知,应排除A、C,"hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb."意为"收到某人的来信",故选B。

  三、考查have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to)的区别。如:

  1. -Have you ever______Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors?

   -Yes, I have.

  A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to

  析:据句中的have,排除A,B项意为"去某地了",C项意为"一直呆在某地",D项意为"去过某地",符合题意,故选D。

  2. My parents ______ Shangdong for ten years.

   A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been

   析:本题句中有"for+段时间"结构,据此可排除C,B项意为"去过某地",不合题意,D项缺介词,故选A。

   四、考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别。如:

  1. Sun's aunt has gone there for ten years.(改成正确的句子)

   析:非延续性动词与"段时间"连用时,除了把非延续性动词改成延续性动词外,还可把动词改为一般过去时或借助句型"It's +段时间+since+从句"进行句子转换。故答案为:Sun's aunt has been there for ten years. /Sun's aunt went there ten years ago. /It's ten years since Sun's aunt went there.

  2. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.(改为同义句)

   ________more than ten years ____Susan ______to this city.

   析:据上题分析,且since引导的从句要用一般过去时,故填It is, since, came。

  3. I won't go to the concert because I ____my ticket.

  A. lost B. don't lose C. have lost D. is coming

   析:因我丢了票的动作发生在过去,而且对现在造成了我不能参加音乐会的结果,符合现在完成时所表示的含意,故选C。

 

发散思维分析

  1.Have you packed yet? 你已经包装好了吗?

  yet表示“仍然,还”多用于否定、疑问句中;still“仍然,还”多用于肯定句中;already“已经”多用于肯定句中,在疑问中常用yet替换,already用于疑问或否定句中表示惊奇。三个词都常与完成时连用。

  【例】(1)Have you had your lunch yet? 你已吃过中饭了吗?

  (2)They’re still working hard. 他们仍然努力地工作。

  (3)They haven’t finished their homework yet. 他们还没有完成家庭作业。

  (4)Our visitors have come already. 来宾已到。

  (5)Have you already had breakfast? 难道你吃过早饭了吗?

  (6)You’re not leaving us already, are you? 你不会就要离开我们吧,是不是?

  2.Have you turned off your radio? 你关掉收音机了吗?

  turn off是切断电源的意思,它的反义词是turn on。

  【例】(1)His mother told him to turn off TV and do his homework. 他母亲叫他关掉电视去做作业。

  (2)He turned on the radio as soon as he got home. 他一到家就打开收音机。

  3.I have so many chores to do today. 我今天有太多的杂活要做。

  so many“太多”,后跟可数名词的复数形式,so much“大多”后跟不可数名词。

  【例】(1)The students have so much homework to do every day. 学生们每天都有太多的家庭作业要做。

  (2)The woman had so much sweet food that she became very fat. 那妇女甜食吃得太多,结果变得很胖。

  (3)He said he had so many books to read. 他说他有太多的书要读。

  (4)Her mother always has so many things to do. 她母亲总有太多的事要做。

  4.…and do some shopping. 我要买东西。

  do some shopping表示“购物”,do+v.-ing形式可以构成很多短语。

  【例】(1)He often does some reading in the evening. 他经常晚上看点书。

  (2)She often helps her mother do some washing. 她常帮妈妈洗衣服。

  (3)Do you do some cleaning on Sunday? 星期天你打扫卫生吗?

  5.He started telling me about… 他告诉我有关……。

  start, begin都表示“开始”,后可跟不定式或动名词作宾语。但主语不是指人而是指物时,谓语是进行时态时,宾语是感觉或心理活动时,最好用不定式。

  【例】(1)When Edison was twelve, he began/started selling newspapers on trains. 当爱迪生十二岁时,他就在火车上卖报。

  (2)I’m starting to cook the dinner. 我在开始做饭。

  (3)The ice began to melt. 冰开始融化。

  (4)She started to wonder why a girl was not the same as a man. 她开始想要搞清女子与男子为什么不一样。

  (5)I started to listen to the other students discuss social problems and soon I began to take part. 我开始听其他学生讨论社会问题,但很快我便开始加入。

  6.In the past twelve months they’ve had three major concerts and made a hit CD.在过去的十二个月里他们举行了三次大型演唱会,出了一盘火暴的CD。

  for/in the past/last twelve months/years/days/etc.常与现在完成时态连用。

  【例】(1)For the past few days he has been ill. 几天来他一直生病。

  (2)She has been ill for the last three days. 这三个星期他在生病。

  (3)In the past three years we have learned two thousand English words. 三年来我们学了二千个英语单词。

  7.…but we really hope to have a number one hit some day. 但我们真希望有一天会有一首轰动的。

  hope to do sth.“希望做某事”,不能说hope sb. to do sth. 。some day指“(将来)某一天”。

  【例】(1)We hope to see you again soon. 我希望很快见到你。

  (2)She hopes to visit Wuhu some day. 她希望有一天能访问芜湖。

 

重温“现在完成时”

  现在完成时在初中英语的学习中占有非常重要的地位,因此,我们必须学好、用好它。下面我们就从三个方面来回顾一下这种时态。

  一、现在完成时的意义:

  1. 表示过去发生的某动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常用的时间状语有: already, yet, ever, never, just等。例如:

  I have already finished my homework.

  2. 表示从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,常常和表示一段时间的状语连用。常见的表示一段时间的状语有:for+一段时间,since+时间点等。例如:

  We have learned English for 4 years.

  Miss Zhao has been at this school since 2002.

  二、构成形式:

  助动词have/has+动词的过去分词

  1. 肯定式:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其它。例如:

  He has been here for three days.

  2. 否定式:主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其它。例如:

  We haven't swept the floor yet.

  3. 疑问式:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其它?例如:

  Has Mike ever been to Tonghua?

  三、动词的过去分词的构成:

  动词的过去分词的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种。规则动词的过去分词与动词的过去式的构成规则相同;不规则动词的过去分词需逐个记忆,但有些也有一定的规律可循。

  1. 规则动词的过去分词的构成规则:

  1) 一般情况,直接在动词词尾加-ed。例如:played, worked等;

  2) 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,在词尾加-d。例如:lived, liked等;

  3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-ed。例如:studied, worried等;

  4) 以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed。例如:stopped, planned等。

  2. 部分不规则动词的过去分词的变化:

  1) 动词的原形、过去式、过去分词相同。例如:put, cut, hit等;

  2) 过去分词和过去式相同。例如:bring→brought→brought; think→thought→thought等;

  3) 在动词原形后加词尾构成。例如:do→did→done; see→saw→seen等;

  4) 在动词过去式后加词尾构成。例如:break→broke→broken; speak→spoke→spoken等;

  5)动词的过去分词与动词原形相同。例如:become→became→become; run→ran→run等。

 

典型例题1

Pass me my glasses, Tom. I can       read the words in the newspaper.

A. hardly

B. really

C. rather

D. clearly

解析  答案:A 根据题意,这里须用表示否定意义的词,hardly的意思是“几乎不”,是一个含有否定意义的词,其他三个都不是否定含义的词,故答案是A。

 

典型例题2

He can finish the work easily.(用it作形式主语进行改写,每空一词)

                  for him       finish the work.

解析  答案:It is easy, to  本题主要考查不定式的用法,不定式的动作发出者一般是句子的主语,但有时也不是,这时不定式常会带上自己的逻辑主语,它通常用for引出。

【题型发散】

发散1  选择填空

(   )1. He hasn't cleaned         the bag yet.

A. out

B. up

C. down

D. off

(   )2. He and his family lived         the farm.

A. in

B. at

C. on

D. above

(     )3. It's her job          clothes.

A. washing

B. to wash

C. washed  

D. washes

(     )4.—Which TV programme shall we         ?

—I've no idea.

A. see

B. look

C. look at

D. watch

(     )5. Will you please           me a glass of milk?

A. past

B. pass

C. passed

D. to pass

解析   答案:1. A   clean out是个固定的词组。

2. C  在农场用on, 而在工厂却用in。

3. B  不定式作主语,前面的it是形式主语。

4. D  看电视习惯上用watch。

5. B  please后跟动词原形。

发散2  根据汉语完成下列各句

1. 他们下个月将在中央电视台演出。

They're         to                   CCTV next month.

2. 你的老师曾去听音乐会吗?

         your teacher          been          a concert? 

3. 对不起我不能尽快给你回复。

Sorry, I couldn't                            you sooner.

4. 他喜欢说而我喜欢听他说。

He loves          , and I love                   him.

5. 学生们主要参观了安徽省的一些地区。

The students          visit                   Anhui province.

解析 答案:1. going…appear(perform)on  2. Has…ever…to  3. get back to  4. talking…listening to 5. mainly…areas in

【转化发散】

请按要求改写下列各句,每空一词

1. The boy wanted a bit of milk to drink. (改为同义句)

The boy wanted                   milk to drink.

2. The problem is too hard for the pupils to work out. (用so…that…扩展为复合句)

The problem is          hard          the pupils          work it out.

3. This hat costs twenty dollars. (对划线部分提问)

                            this hat cost? 

4. These new clothes were made by herself. (改为主动语态)

                  these new clothes herself.

5. The suit cost so much that I didn't buy it. (改为简单句)

The suit cost         much for                   buy.

解析 答案:1. a little  a little 修饰不可数名词时可与a bit of互用。

2. so…that…can't  too…to…构成的简单句可以用so…that…扩展为复合句。

3. How much does询问价格用how much,此句谓语动词加了“s”,该借用does。

4. She made被动改主动,首先是确定主语,再依据主语的人称和数,将谓语动词改为主动形式,注意时态不能改变。

5. too…me to  so…that…引导的复合句可用too…to…改为简单句,注意对某人来说太……而不……,用too…for sb.  to do sth.  结构。

【正误发散】

下列各句均有一处错,找出并将序号填入题前括号内

(    )1. The shoes cost so little that I bought it. 

           A   B    C      D

(    )2. They are surprise to know that Lucy and Lily are twins.

          A     B        C      D

(    )3. My wife will go to her parents' house the next month.

      A        B     C       D

(    )4. We haven't got any books on the history of England at that moment,

         A         B               C

I'm afraid.

   D

(    )5. He is a quite popular doctor in the hospital.

         A    B      C D

解析  答案:

1. D 买的鞋不能是单数, 用代词来代替, 也必须用复数, 所以应将it改为them。

2. A 对……惊讶,常用be surprised to do (at)sth. 结构。

3. D 以现在为起点来表示下个月应用next month, the next month一般与过去时态或过去将来时态连用。

4. C 现在或此刻用at the moment, at that moment则表示在当时或就在那时。

5. A quite修饰作定语用的形容词前有a或 an时,quite习惯上放在冠词前,而very则放在冠词后。

【情景发散】

完成对话,每空一词

A:  Hello!  Where are you 1 , B? 

B:  Hello, A. I'm going to the doctor's.

A:  Oh, what's   2   3 ? 

B:  I'm not   4  very well. I've  5  a headache.

A:  Have you got a   6 ? 

B:  Yes, I have.

B:  How  7  have you been  8   9 ? 

A:  Ever   10  last night.

A:  Let me go  11  you at once and get some  12 .

B:  Thank you. Let's go .

解析  答案:1. going  2. your(the)  3. trouble(matter)  4. feeling  5. got  6. fever 7. long  8. like  9. this  10. since  11. with   12. medicine 做本对话时,须注意一些有关看病、身体状况的用语。

 

【综合发散】

完形填空

Fire can help people in many ways. But it can also be very harmful. Fire can keep your house  1  , give light and cook food. But fire can burn things,   2 . Big fire can burn trees, houses, animals or people.

Nobody knows how people began to use fire. But there are   3  interesting old stories about how a man or woman started a fire. One is   4  a man. The man  5  a very long time ago. He went up to the sun and   6  fire down.

Today people know how to make a fire with matches(火柴). Children sometimes   7  to play with them. But matches can be very dangerous. One match can burn a piece of paper, and   8  it could burn a house. A small fire can burn a big fire very quickly. So you   9  be careful with matches.

Be careful with fire, and it will   10  you. But if you aren't careful with fire, it may hurt you.

 

(     )1. A. warm

B. warmer

C. cool

D. cooler

(     )2. A. also

B. too

C. either

D. neither

(     )3. A. many

B. much

C. a little

D. no

(     )4. A. over

B. about

C. of

D. on

(     )5. A. worked

B. studied

C. learn

D. lived

(     )6. A. bring

B. take

C. brought

D. took

(     )7. A. enjoy

B. like

C. don't like

D. become

(     )8. A. after

B. late

C. yet

D. then

(     )9. A. can

B. may

C. will

D. must

(     )10. A. help

B. do

C. tell

D. hope

 

解析  通读全文, 知道这是关于火的一段介绍。

1. A 这是没有比较的意思,所以不用比较级,火能加温而不是冷却,所以不用cool。

2. B 表示肯定不用either, neither,在句末不用also。

3. A stories是复数,不可能用no, a little, much作定语修饰不可数名词,这里中心词stories可数。

4. B 表示内容“关于”一般用about。

5. D 此处仅仅是说生活,而不强调学习和工作。

6. C “拿来”用bring不用take。这是并列句, 动作与前一个动作went相承, 所以也用过去形式bought。

7. B  显然强调喜欢,后边接动词不定式用enjoy不合适。

8. D 表示动作上紧相连,前边又有连词and,所以只能用副词then,而不用连词after和形容词late,yet意思与句子不吻合。

9. D 这里强调必要性,所以情态动词用must。

10. A 虽然都是及物动词,但意义上只有help可以与you搭配。

 

发散思维分析

  1.Have you packed yet? 你已经包装好了吗?

  yet表示“仍然,还”多用于否定、疑问句中;still“仍然,还”多用于肯定句中;already“已经”多用于肯定句中,在疑问中常用yet替换,already用于疑问或否定句中表示惊奇。三个词都常与完成时连用。

  【例】(1)Have you had your lunch yet? 你已吃过中饭了吗?

  (2)They’re still working hard. 他们仍然努力地工作。

  (3)They haven’t finished their homework yet. 他们还没有完成家庭作业。

  (4)Our visitors have come already. 来宾已到。

  (5)Have you already had breakfast? 难道你吃过早饭了吗?

  (6)You’re not leaving us already, are you? 你不会就要离开我们吧,是不是?

  2.Have you turned off your radio? 你关掉收音机了吗?

  turn off是切断电源的意思,它的反义词是turn on。

  【例】(1)His mother told him to turn off TV and do his homework. 他母亲叫他关掉电视去做作业。

  (2)He turned on the radio as soon as he got home. 他一到家就打开收音机。

  3.I have so many chores to do today. 我今天有太多的杂活要做。

  so many“太多”,后跟可数名词的复数形式,so much“大多”后跟不可数名词。

  【例】(1)The students have so much homework to do every day. 学生们每天都有太多的家庭作业要做。

  (2)The woman had so much sweet food that she became very fat. 那妇女甜食吃得太多,结果变得很胖。

  (3)He said he had so many books to read. 他说他有太多的书要读。

  (4)Her mother always has so many things to do. 她母亲总有太多的事要做。

  4.…and do some shopping. 我要买东西。

  do some shopping表示“购物”,do+v.-ing形式可以构成很多短语。

  【例】(1)He often does some reading in the evening. 他经常晚上看点书。

  (2)She often helps her mother do some washing. 她常帮妈妈洗衣服。

  (3)Do you do some cleaning on Sunday? 星期天你打扫卫生吗?

  5.He started telling me about… 他告诉我有关……。

  start, begin都表示“开始”,后可跟不定式或动名词作宾语。但主语不是指人而是指物时,谓语是进行时态时,宾语是感觉或心理活动时,最好用不定式。

  【例】(1)When Edison was twelve, he began/started selling newspapers on trains. 当爱迪生十二岁时,他就在火车上卖报。

  (2)I’m starting to cook the dinner. 我在开始做饭。

  (3)The ice began to melt. 冰开始融化。

  (4)She started to wonder why a girl was not the same as a man. 她开始想要搞清女子与男子为什么不一样。

  (5)I started to listen to the other students discuss social problems and soon I began to take part. 我开始听其他学生讨论社会问题,但很快我便开始加入。

  6.In the past twelve months they’ve had three major concerts and made a hit CD.在过去的十二个月里他们举行了三次大型演唱会,出了一盘火暴的CD。

  for/in the past/last twelve months/years/days/etc.常与现在完成时态连用。

  【例】(1)For the past few days he has been ill. 几天来他一直生病。

  (2)She has been ill for the last three days. 这三个星期他在生病。

  (3)In the past three years we have learned two thousand English words. 三年来我们学了二千个英语单词。

  7.…but we really hope to have a number one hit some day. 但我们真希望有一天会有一首轰动的。

  hope to do sth.“希望做某事”,不能说hope sb. to do sth. 。some day指“(将来)某一天”。

  【例】(1)We hope to see you again soon. 我希望很快见到你。

  (2)She hopes to visit Wuhu some day. 她希望有一天能访问芜湖。

 

巧记现在完成时态

  现在完成时是初中英语学习的重点和难点,初三同学学习现在完成时,应抓住关键。现总结以下四点,一定对同学们理解、运用现在完成时有所帮助,不妨一试。

  一、现在完成时的意义(用法)

  1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。(瞬间动词适用于这种情况)

  2.表示过去已经开始并持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括"现在"在内)的一段时间的状语连用。(延续性动词适用于这种情况)

  我们可以简记为:

  (1) "过去对现在"(瞬间动词)

  (2) "过去到现在"(延续性动词)

  二、现在完成时的构成(结构)

  现在完成时由"助动词have(has) + 过去分词"构成。

  我们可以简记为:

  ① have(has)在前面,

  ② 过去分词在后边,

  ③ 以前(before) 从来不(never) 出现,

  ④最近(recently) 曾经(ever) 一(once) 两遍(twice),

  ⑤自从(since) 刚刚(just) for一段,今天(today) 已经(already/yet) 很明显。

  注:1. ①②是指该时态的构成。③④⑤是时态的标志。

  2. since +(1)(过去的)月份/年份

  since +(2) 一段时间+ago

  since +(3)一般过去时从句

  例如:

  1. I have lived here for 9 years.

  2. Wang Zhenrong has been teaching English here since 20 years ago.

  3. Have you ever seen Mr Zhao's wife?

  4. We've never been there before.

  5. Has Shi Qingyong had his lunch yet?

  6. Wang Qishan has read the book twice.

  三、 关于瞬间动词的记忆口诀

  现在完成在瞬间;非延只连时间点;终止需转换;否定方可碰一段。

  注:1.瞬间动词又叫非延续性动词,还叫终止性动词。瞬间动词可以有现在完成时态,但不可以接一段时间,若要接一段时间,须要做一些相应的变换。

  2.瞬间动词在完成时态中的否定式可以接一段时间。

  初中阶段常见的瞬间动词有:

  (1) 来(come)、去(go)、到(get to/reach/arrive at)、离(leave)、看(see)、听(说)hear

  (2) 买(buy)、卖(sell)、开(open)、关(close)、起床(get up)

  (3) 参加(join/take part in)、开发(begin/start)、还(return/give)(与)借(borrow< from>/lend< to>)

  (4) 变成(become/turn)、带(bring/take)、给(give)、死(die)、完(finish/end)、接(receive/hear from)

 

新目标九年级英语第十四单元 典型例题2

 

1.—Is Mr Green really ill?

   — ___________. He's in hospital now.                  (2004年山东省济南市)

A. I don't think it is.

B. No, he isn't

C. I hope so.

D. I'm afraid so.

2. The camera is _________ expensive ________ I can't afford it.

                                                    (2004年辽宁省本溪市)

A. so; that

B. such; that

C. so; as to

D.enough;that

3. —When shall we start?

   —Let's __________ it 8:30. Is that all right?             (2004年江苏省苏州市)

A. have

B. make

C. meet

D. take

4. —Did you watch the basketball match last night?

   —Yes. It's hard to believe. The strongest team in our city________.

                                                   (2004年山东省青岛市)

A. won

B. scored

C. was failed

D. was beaten

5.—Is there a new factory near here?

   —Yes. It __________ only a few months ago.           (2004年广西省柳州市)

A. is found

B. was found

C. has been founded

D. was founded

6. —Did you notice him come in?

   —No. I __________ a football game.                  (2004年江苏省扬州市)

A. have watched

B. had watched

C. am watching

D. was watching

7.—May I help you with some jeans, sir?

   —Yes, I'd like to try on those blue __________.         (2004年北京市海淀区)

A. pair

B. one

C. two

D. ones

8.—Good luck and have a nice weekend.

   — ________. Bye-bye.                           (2003年广州市)

A.The same to you

B.You have it too

C.You are too

D.The same as you

9.Be quick! ___________. (2003年内蒙古)

A.The bus comes here

B.The bus here comes

C.Here the bus comes

D.Here comes the bus

答案与简析

1.D  这里的几个选项中A简直是不知所云,B与答语的后面一句自相矛盾,C项的意思是“我希望是这样”,D项的意思是“恐怕是这样”。

2.A  英语中的so……that和such…that都可以和从句连用来表达“太……以至于……”的意思,但是使用such的时候在that的前面必须要使用一个名词。so……as to后面只能够跟动词词组,而enough应该用在形容词或副词的后面。

3.B  Let's make it……后面加一个时间表示“我们约在……时候好吗?”

4.D  fail是一个不及物动词,不能用于被动语态。根据hard to believe和strongest可以断定是输了。

5.D  find的过去分词是found,但found作为动词原形表示“建立;成立”,它的过去分词是founded。

6.D  没有注意到他进来和看电视应该是同时发生。

7.D  前面的修饰语中用了those,表明选项应为复数形式。

8.D  A项表示“你是正确的”;B项表示“不用谢,没关系”;C项表示“行,好吧”;D项表示“没关系”。仔细揣摩一下语境逻辑,前者很遗憾地表示错过了8点钟的火车,而后者对前者进行安慰,说半小时后还有一班火车,D项正好符合上下文语境。

9.A  当对方祝你“周末快乐!”或“新年好!”等时,你也应该给予对方同样的祝福。只有A项符合习惯用法。

10.D  当here位于句首时,主语和谓语要完全倒装,但主语是代词时不能倒装。

 

新目标九年级英语第十四单元 典型例题1

 

1.—Where is the librarian?

  —She _________ to the bookshop.

A.went

B.has gone

C.goes

D.will go

答案:B

解析:前一句问图书管理员在哪里,这就说明她现在不在这里,而has gone正可以表示离开了,现在不在这里。如果用went,并不能表明现在不在,因为过去时和现在没有关系,只能表明在过去时间里去过书店,不能表示没有回来。

2.To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _________ into the river.

A.needn't be thrown

B.mustn't be thrown

C.can't throw

D.may not throw

答案:B

解析:这是含有情态动词的被动语态。首先应排除C和D,因为它们是主动语态;含有情态动词的被动语态的构成应该是:“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”,need是“不必”=don't have to;mustn't是“禁止;不准”之意。

3.—I don't know if his uncle ___________.

   —I think he _________ if it doesn't rain.

A.will come, comes

B.will come, will come

C.comes, comes

D.comes, will come

答案:B

解析:此题主要考查if的用法有二:

    一是引导条件状语从句:主句如果是一般将来时,从句应该用一般现在时,此时if意为“如果”。

    二是引导宾语从句: if=whether,应当根据实际情况来选用时态,此时if意为“是否”。本题中前面一句为if引导的宾语从句,意思是“我不知道他的叔叔是否会来”。根据句意应该用一般将来时;后面一句的意思是“如果不下雨,我想他会来的。”从句为一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。

4.Sandra didn't come to school today.I think she _________ be ill.

A.shall

B.can

C.must

D.should

答案:C

解析:must表示对目前发生事情的肯定的推测。“她没有来上学,我想她肯定是病了。”根据题意表示可能性非常大,故选C。另外could和might也可以用来表示推测,但都表示可能性比较小。

5.The man _________ is smoking is my father.

A.who

B.which

C.what

D.where

答案:A

解析:本题考查定语从句的引导词。一般而言,当先行词为人时,引导词就用who或that;当先行词为物时,引导词就用which;或者可以用that。

 

新目标九年级英语第十四单元 典型例题

 

    Ⅰ.用has/have gone to,has/have been to或has/have been in(on, at)完成句子

    1.A: I haven’t seen you for months ! Where have you been?

    B: Oh, I ______ my uncle’s.

    2. A: Where is Mr Lee?

    B: He ______ England on business.

    3. A: How long ______ you ______ China?

    B: For 3 months.

    4. A: How many times ______ Jim ______ the Great Wall?

    B: Twice.

    5. We ______ the farm for two months.

    【解析】本题考查三个形式相近的现在完成时短语的用法区别。has/have gone to 表示已到某地去了,强调主语已离开,也可能在去某地的路上,也可能在某地,总之目前不在这儿。has/have been to表示曾经去过某地,现在不在那儿,已经回来了,这两个短语都不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。而has/have been in(on, at)表示在某地呆了多久,说话时还在那儿,可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。因此本题答案为: 1.have been to; 2.has gone to;3. have, been in;4. has been to;5. have been on.

    Ⅱ.句型转换

    1.Mr Green left China two months ago.(同义词)

    Mr Green ______ ______ ______ ______ China for two months.

    2.Li Wei borrowed the book a week ago.(同义句)

    Li Wei ______ ______ the book for a week.

    3.They came to China in 2000.(同义句)

    They _______ ______ ______ China since 2000.

    4.The poor man died ten minutes ago.(同义句)

    The poor man _______ ______ ______ for ten minutes.

    5.His brother bought the bike last year.(同义句)

    His brother ______ _______ he bike for one year.

    【解析】本题考查短暂性动词和段时间连用的转换语。Leave, borrow, come, die, buy等这些动词,只能表示瞬间发生的动作,如与一段时间连用,须转换成延续性动词。常见转换如下:leave→be away from, borrow→keep, come→be in, die→be dead, buy →have。因此本大题答案为:1.has been away from; 2.has kept; 3.have been in; 4.has been dead; 5.has had.

 

 

 

 

  

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